Common Linux File Management commands

Preface:

In the previous blogs, we talked about basic linux operations, linux file management, and linux permission management in more theoretical aspects. However, I only talked about theory, but I didn't talk about many commands in detail, I just made a summary and I will review and study it myself.

File Management commands

First, I would like to sum up some commands for file management: ls, cd, pwd, mkdir, rmdir, cp, rm, mv, touch, cat, more, less, head, tail, etc, next we will give a detailed description (only common, not all commands)

 

(1). ls command

-A: All files, together with hidden files (Files starting with.), are listed (commonly used)
-A: All files, together with hidden files, do not include the directories... and
-D: only list the directory itself, rather than list the file data in the directory (commonly used)
-F: directly list the results without sorting them (ls will be sorted by file name by default !)
-H: list the file capacity in a readable way (for example, GB or KB) (commonly used)
-I: List inode numbers. The next chapter will introduce inode numbers (commonly used)
-L: Long data string list, including file attributes and permissions (commonly used)
-N: List UID and GID, rather than the names of users and groups (UID and GID will be mentioned in user management !)
-R: reversely outputs the sorting result. For example, if the original file name is from small to large, the reverse file is from large to small.
-R: It is listed together with the sub-directory content, which means that all files in the directory will be displayed (recursive)
-S: sort by file capacity, rather than by file name
-T: sort by time, rather than by file name
 

(2) cd command

Cd [relative or absolute path]
# The most important thing is the absolute path and relative path of the directory. There are also symbols of some special directories!
[Root @ www ~] # Cd ~ Test
# Indicates to go to the home directory of the user vbird, that is,/home/test
[Root @ www vbird] # cd ~
# Indicates returning to your home directory, that is, the/root directory.
[Root @ www ~] # Cd
# If no path is added, it still means returning to your home directory.
[Root @ www ~] # Cd ..
# Indicates to go to the current upper-level directory, that is, the upper-level directory of/root.
[Root @ www/] # cd-
# Return to the directory just now, that is,/root ~
[Root @ www ~] # Cd/var/spool/mail
# This is the absolute path! Specify the complete path name
[Root @ www mail] # cd ../mqueue
# This is the method of relative path. We will write it in this way from/var/spool/mail to/var/spool/mqueue.

(3). pwd command

Pwd [-P] Options and parameters:
-P: displays the actual path instead of the link path.
Example: pwd
Cd/var/mail
Pwd-P
/Var/spool/mail
Pwd is different from pwd-P!

(4). mkdir command

Mkdir [-mp] Directory Name options and parameters:
-M: permission of the configuration file! Directly configure it. You do not need to check the default permission (umask)
-P: helps you directly create the desired directory (including the upper-level directory!
Example:
Mkdir-p test1/test2/test3/test4 (created together)
Mkdir-m 744 test2

 

(5). rmdir command

Rmdir [-p] Directory Name options and parameters:
-P: deleted together with the "empty" directory at the upper level
Example:
Rmdir-p test1/test2/test3/test4 (delete all)

 

(6). rm command

Rm [-fir] file or directory options and parameters:
-F: indicates force. Ignore non-existing files without warning.
-I: interactive mode. Before deletion, the user is asked for actions.
-R: delete it in a batch! Delete directories (this is a very dangerous option)
We usually use them in combination. rm-rf (delete all files or directories and you must be careful when using them, because they cannot be recovered after being deleted)

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