Common Software management in Centos

Common Software management in Centos

Linux software package installation method:

1. rpm package installation

2. Yum (solves dependencies and facilitates Software Package upgrade)

3. source code compilation and Installation

I. rpm package management:

Redhat package management

An example: sudo-1.7.2pl-5.el5.i386.rpm

Software name, version number, Release number, hardware platform

Sudo is the default Software Package for all linux systems.

Rpm package creation encapsulates the compiled execution program of the source code package into the rpm structure. When you install the rpm package, the third step of the source code package installation is actually executed, is to copy the execution program to the corresponding directory.

Rpm Path ProblemsMost rpm packages do not allow you to change their installation directory. By default, the installation directory is set. It is not like windows registry, and linux uninstallation will automatically uninstall and clean.

1. Install the rpm package

Rpm-ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_4.1.i386.rpm

I installV Installation Process Information

Install rpm-ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_4.1.i386.rpm -- replacepkgs

File conflicts install an older version of the software-- Replacefiles

To solve the dependency-- NodeppsDependency is not considered and cannot be used successfully in most cases.

2. view all rpm packages installed in the system

Rpm-qa

Rpm-qa | grep vsftp

3. vsftp installs many files and stores them in different directories under the root directory.

Rpm-SQL vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_4.1

4. Check which rpm software package installed the file.

Rpm-qf/etc/vsftpd. conf

5. Check what files may be installed after an uninstalled rpm package

Rpm-qlp vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_4.1.i386.rpm

6. Uninstall the rpm package

Rpm e vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_4.1

Rpm-e -- nodeps samba forced uninstall, ignore dependencies. No longer. Not recommended

7. Upgrade the Software Package

Rpm-Uvh Software Package

Ii. Three core files after the rpm package is installed:

1. Application '4

/Usr/sbin/vsftpd

# Execution Program

2. Configuration File

/Etc/vsftpd. conf

# A file to be read before the application starts and then loaded to the Process List

3. Service script

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/vsftpd

# Better control the application to read the configuration file and load it to the Process List

Iii. Run the script:

1. Corresponding path

./Vsftpd restart

2. absolute path

/Etc/rc. d/init. d/vsftpd restart

3. Run the service

Service vsftpd restart

Iv. Attach a CD:

1. Put the CD in the optical drive

2. Check whether the optical drive is powered on.

3. Mount the disc/media

Mount/dev/cdrom/media

4. How to check whether the mounting is successful

Df-Th

5. Enable the disc to be automatically mounted to/media

Vi/etc/fstab

/Dev/cdrom/media iso9660 defaults 0 0

5. Solve the rpm dependency problem:

Yum tool for managing rpm packages

All software packages are under the Centos subdirectory.

1. Attach the disc (start upon startup)

2. Change the software source cd/etc/yum. repos. d/

Mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak

The suffix here is sensitive so the CentOS-Base.repo is changed plus. bak.

3. Modify the disc Source

Vi CentOS-Media.repo

C5-media

Name = CentOS-$ releasever-Media

Baseurl = file: // media

# Disk Mount destination

Gpgcheck = 0

# Go to the official website to update the signature and close it.

Enabled = 1

# Enable the CD Source

Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

4. install an rpm software through yum

Yum-y install vsftpd *

5. Install a lamp Environment

Yum-y install httpd * mysql * php *

6. How to detach an rpm package with yum

Yum-y remove httpd * mysql * php *

7. Force delete an rpm package

Rpm-e httpd-1.3.8 -- nodeps

# Nodeps truncation dependency

8. Force install an rpm package software

Rpm-ivh mysql-server-5.0.77-4.el5_4.2.i386.rpm -- force -- nodeps

Detection and upgradeYum check-update Software name

UpgradeYum update

Software Package QueryYum list

Software Package InformationYum info

UninstallYum remove

HelpYum-help

Determine if the software is installed with rpm-q

6. Install the source code package (compatible ):

Tar.gzTar.bz2

Tar zxfExtract

1. Generate the configuration file

./Configure -- prefix =/usr/local/apache2/

Collect System Information -- prefix to specify the installation directory. There is no special uninstall command. Generally placed in usr/local

Gcc is required to be installed with yum

2. Compile

Make

3. Install

Make install

4. cd/usr/local/apache2/

1) Applications

/Usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd

2) Service script

/Usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl

3) configuration file

/Usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd. conf

5. Start the source code-installed apache

/Usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart

6. View Processes

Ps-ef | grep httpd

7. How to enable the source code-installed apache to start automatically

Vi/etc/rc. d/rc. local

/Usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart (ctl Control)

7. You only need to run the. sh script for script installation (similar to windows)

Webmin

Readme file

Install./setup. sh

8. APT package management for debian linux

Search for software packagesApt-cache search

Software Package InformationApt-cache show

InstallApt-get install (reinstall overwrite installation-f repair installation)

DeleteApt-get remove

Update Software SourceApt-get update

Update installed packagesApt-get upgrade