Computer composition principle-Reading Notes (I) Computer System Overview

Electronic computers are divided into two categories: electronic analog computers and electronic digital computers.

 

Single-chip microcomputer is the fifth-generation computer (1991), a large-scale integrated circuit computer

 

Basic components of a digital computer: controller, memory, input device, and output device

 

Feng nuoman computer:

 

Composition of modern electronic computers:

Calculator: arithmetic operation and logical operation. The number involved in the operation is binary.

Memory: memory (ROM, Ram, cache), external storage, storage data and commands (memory is

Ram is the most important internal memory ).

Controller: in a certain order, commands are obtained, decoded, and executed one by one.

There are two cycles for running the program. Value cycle: the information flow read from the memory is the instruction flow, Flow Control

; Execution cycle :... Is the data stream,... the iterator.

Input Device: converts a form of information that people are familiar with into binary information that can be received and recognized within a machine.

Output device: converts the computer processing result into information that can be received and recognized by humans or other machine devices.

Adapter: It connects the connected peripheral device to the host through the system bus, so that the host and the peripheral device can work in parallel.

Bus: a skeleton of a computer system. It is a public path for data transmission between multiple system components.

 

Computer software:

System software: Used to simplify program design, simplify the use of methods, improve the efficiency of computer use, play and expand the functions and use of the computer

Application Software: programs compiled by users who use computers to solve certain problems

 

Any operation can be implemented by software or hardware. The execution of any command can be completed by hardware or software.

 

Firmware: Software in function and hardware in form.

Computer composition principle-Reading Notes (I) Computer System Overview