Day18--linux gzip, bzip2, zip, XZ three compression tools introduction

6.1: Compression Packaging Introduction:

Compression: Saves space, facilitates transport, and consumes less bandwidth resources:

Common types of compressed files:

Windows: . rar. zip. 7z

Linux: . zip. gz. bz2. xz. tar.gz. tar.bz2. Tar.xz

1. Compression tool gzip: (Cannot compress directory, and delete source files after compression)

Syntax: gzip [-d1-9] File

-D: Use when compressing source files (in conjunction with gzip) "=======>gunzip (same effect)

1-9: Refers to the compression level, 1 is the worst ( maximum ), 9 is the best ( minimum ), the default is 6.

1.1: First I prepare a large content file, the effect is more obvious

[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt              #查看此文件大小的内容为2M. 2.0m    11.txt[[email protected] ~]#  gzip 11.txt              # gzip to compress it:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.gz           #压缩后大小为24K, obvious effect: 24k     11.txt.gz[[email protected]  ~]# gzip -d 11.txt.gz         #使用gzip对其加压缩: [[email  protected] ~]# gzip -1 11.txt             #使用压缩级别1 (worst) to compress text:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.gz           #压缩后大小变为240K:240k    11.txt.gz[[email  Protected] ~]# gunzip 11.txt.gz          #使用gunzip进行解压缩: 

As we know, there are two types of text compression commands:

Gzip- D file (-D must be added)

Gunzip file (no parameters required)

1.2:gzip also supports viewing of compressed file content :

Syntax: zcat filename

[Email protected] ~]# zcat 1.txt.gz #使用zcat进行查看root: X:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologindaem On:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

1.3:gzip also supports preserving source files when compressing : (-C)

Syntax: Gzip-c source file after compressed file name (both names cannot be the same)

[Email protected] ~]# gzip-c 1.txt > 2.txt.gz

[Email protected] ~]# gzip-dc 1.txt.gz > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:

Note: Sometimes after you keep the source file, and then unzip the file will be prompted to exist, you cannot extract:

[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-d 1.txt.bz2

Bzip2:output file 1.txt already exists.

You can use the -df option to force overrides:

[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-df 1.txt.bz2

2, compression tool bzip2 (compression directory is not supported, the source file is not preserved after compression)

Compression level: 1-9: Default is 9

2.1: Syntax: bzip [-DZ] filename

The options are as follows:

- Z: Use when compressing files (no-Z option is also possible)

- D: Use when extracting files:

is also to prepare a relatively large content of the file:

[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt            #查看文件大小为2M: 2.0m    11.txt[[email  protected] ~]# bzip2 11.txt             #使用bzip2进行压缩, the default level is 9:[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.bz2        #压缩后28K, the effect is more obvious: 28k     11.txt.bz2[[email protected] ~]#  bzip2 -d 11.txt.bz2     #使用bzip2  -d  uncompressed: [[email protected]  ~]# bzip2 -z1 11.txt        #使用1级别进行压缩: File 144k:[[email  protected] ~]# du -sh 11.txt.bz2       #再次查看文件大小: 144K     11.TXT.BZ2 

This results in: bzip Nine compression levels: 1 levels of compression after the largest content,9 compression after the least content.

2.2:GZIP2 also supports viewing of compressed file content :

Syntax: bzcat filename

[Email protected] ~]# bzcat 1.txt.bz2 #bzcat查看文件内容root: X:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

1.3:gzip also supports preserving source files when compressing : (- k )

Syntax: bzip2-k file name after compressing source files (the names of the two cannot be the same)

[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-k 1.txt > 2.txt.bz2 #保留源文件:

[Email protected] ~]# bzip2-dc 1.txt.bz2 > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:

3, compression tool Zip: (You can also compress files and directories)--compression will retain the source files:

You can use Yum install-y zip to install

Compressed files under Windows and Linux can be common:

The syntax is as follows

compressed Files : Zip compressed file name to be compressed

Unzip file : Unzip Zip package name

3.1: Unzip the file:

[[email protected] ~]# zip 1.txt.zip 1.txt # compress the file with Zip:

Adding:1.txt (deflated 59%)

[Email protected] ~]# ls-l 1.txt 1.txt.zip

-rw-r--r--1 root root 964 November 9 21:16 1.txt

-rw-r--r--1 root root 555 November 9 22:42 1.txt.zip

3.2: Unzip directory:zip-r directory name to be compressed after compression directory

[Email protected] ~]# zip-r yuanhh.zip yuanhh

adding:yuanhh/(stored 0)

adding:yuanhh/2/(stored 0%)

adding:yuanhh/4/(stored 0%)

ADDING:YUANHH/3 (stored 0%)

Adding:yuanhh/1.bak (stored 0%)

adding:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2 (stored 0%)

[Email protected] ~]# ls-ld yuan* #源文件来存在

Drwxr-sr-x 4 Root YUANHH 63 November 9 19:24 YUANHH

-rw-r--r--1 root root 1360 November 9 23:02 Yuanhh.zip

3.2: So when extracting the file, will be prompted to overwrite it: will prompt whether to overwrite:

[Email protected] ~]# unzip Yuanhh.zip

Archive:yuanhh.zip

Replace YUANHH/3? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename:y

Extracting:yuanhh/3

Replace Yuanhh/1.bak? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y

Extracting:yuanhh/1.bak

Replace yuanhh/1.txt.bz2? [Y]es, [N]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y

extracting:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2

If you don't want to prompt: You can use unzip-o to compress file names

[[email protected] ~]# unzip-o yuanhh.zip #-o is automatically overwritten without prompting:

Archive:yuanhh.zip

Extracting:yuanhh/3

Extracting:yuanhh/1.bak

extracting:yuanhh/1.txt.bz2

4, Compression tool XZ: ( cannot compress the directory, and delete the source files after compression )

Syntax: XZ [-zd] File name

[[email protected] ~]# xz 1.txt # zip file

[[email protected] ~]# xz-d 1.txt.xz # unzip the file

4.1:XZ compressed; You can also keep the source file: with-C:

[Email protected] ~]# xz-c 1.txt > 1.txt.xz #压缩后保留源文件:

[Email protected] ~]# xz-dc 1.txt.xz > 5.txt #将文件解压后到5. txt file:

PostScript: Use the file command to view information about the files:

[[Email protected] ~]# file 2.txt.gz

2.txt.gz:gzip compressed data, was ' 1.txt ', from Unix, last Modified:thu Nov 9 21:16:40 2017

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Day18--linux gzip, bzip2, zip, XZ three compression tools introduction