Components of modern computer equipment Linux Basics

Components of modern computer equipment:

Arithmetic, controller, memory, input device, output device

Cpu

Bus: Buses

Memory: Addressing storage devices

Read ahead

IO: Interacting with external parts

Disk:

Card:

Virtual machines: Virtual computers

CPU: Arithmetic, controller

CPU instructions, instruction set:

Privileged command: OS run privileged command

General Instructions:

Programmers: Advanced languages → assembly language → machine language for operating system programs

Chip comes with high-level language underlying interface

Os:operating System

Software programs

General purpose

Hardware Drivers

Process Management

Memory management

Network management

Security management

System Call

Syscall: System call

The operating system must encapsulate the underlying functionality of the underlying hardware as a system call to implement

Programming Hierarchy:

Hardware specification: Hardware specifiacation

System calls:

Libraries Call: Library calls

Ui:

Gui:graphic User Interface GUI

Cli:command lines Interface Command line interface

Abi:application Binary Interface Run interface (end user) interface, compiled, internal details are not the same, you can run different systems

Api:application Programming Interface Application Programming Interface (programmer)

CPU Architecture Type:

X86

X64

Arm

m68000,m68k Motorola

Power IBM

PowerPC Apple Motorola IBM co-development

UltraSPARC SUN

Alpha HP

Itanium Compaq

Windows

Linux:

Linus→linux

Gnu/linux

Unix:

System: (Bell Lab)

AIX (IBM)

Solaris (SUN)

HP-UX (Hewlett-Packard)

BSD: (BSRG) Berkeley System distribution

NetBSD

Openbsd

Freebsd

Mit:richard Stallman

Gnu:gnu is not Unix:

Gpl:general Public License Common license

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Components of modern computer equipment Linux Basics