What is the difference between a computer's sleep, hibernation, and shutdown?

Failure phenomenon:

Sometimes need to leave the computer, shutdown after the computer again will wait for a long time, if not close and more waste of energy, I heard that the Windows system has sleep, hibernation and other functions, what is going on in the end?

Solution:

Hibernation and sleep, literally, are not very different, so many people are often puzzled, the two states in the end, their advantages and disadvantages are as follows:
"Sleep" is an energy-saving condition provided by Windows, and you can choose this command from the Shutdown menu when you need to leave your computer. This allows the system to save the data being processed into memory, and all devices except memory stop powering. When you return to the computer, by moving the mouse or pressing any key, you can wake the system, so that the power supply for other devices to restart power. In just a few seconds, the computer can revert to the state it had before it left. This state is characterized by fast wake-up (usually only a few seconds), but not the memory power, otherwise the data will be lost.
"Hibernation" is a power-saving state that Microsoft has designed for mobile computers, so it is not visible in the desktop shutdown menu. This state is to store all the data in memory to a special space on the hard disk, and then cut off all the power supply. Later, when the user presses the Power-on key again, it restores the memory data stored in the hard disk to memory, and can return to the state before leaving. So the characteristic of this state is that it can be restored to the state before the power off, and can completely power off, but the recovery time is longer and needs to occupy a larger hard disk space.