How to use the VIM editor

Vim Editor

Text editor, word processor

Nano, SED

Vi:visual Interface (Visual Interface)

Vim:vi improved

Mode editor, full screen editor

One: Open file

# Vim/path/to/somefile

• Vim +#/path/to/somefile Open/path/to/somefile and locate the file # line

  • Example 1: Open file/etc/inittab, cursor in line 18

    # Vim +18/etc/inittab

• Vim +/path/to/somefile opens/path/to/somefile and is located at the bottom of the file

  • Example 1: Open file/etc/inittab, cursor in last line
    

    # Vim +/etc/inittab

• Vim +/pattern: Open the file and navigate to the beginning of the line that was first matched to the PATTERN

  • such as: Vim +/:initdefault/etc/inittab

Edit mode/Command mode: Copy, paste, delete line ...

Input mode: input content to file

Last-line mode: File management commands

Opens the Vim editor, which is in edit mode by default.

Patterns can be converted from one to the other.

Edit-Input

• I: In front of the character of the current cursor, converted to input mode;

• A: After the character of the current cursor, convert to input mode;

• O: Under the current cursor line, create a new row, convert to input mode;

Capital

• I: Convert to input mode at the beginning of the line where the cursor is currently located;

• A: At the end of the line where the current cursor is located, convert to input mode;

• O: On the line of the current cursor, create a new row, convert to input mode;

input - Edit

• Esc

Edit --and last-line mode (only accessible from edit mode)

• : You can enter a colon

Commands that can be executed by the last-line mode:

• 10d: Delete line tenth in the file

• 10,20D: Delete lines tenth through 20th in the file;

• Set Nu: Display line number

• ! ls/etc/: Execute shell command without affecting the current file edit

Last-line mode-- edit

• Esc,esc

Input mode to the last line mode cannot be converted directly;

Two: Close the file

• last-line mode close file

  • : Q: Quit, do not save, if you have edited the contents of the file, so that cannot exit, will prompt you the file has changed, let you confirm whether to save

  • : Wq: Save and exit

  • :q! : Do not save exit

  • : w: Save, do not exit

  • :w! : Forcibly save read-only files (read-only files are not valid for administrator root, administrators can use w! to forcibly save files)

  • : Wq--: X

• Exit the file in Edit/Command mode

  • ZZ: Save exit (You can save exit without switching mode)

three: Move cursor (Edit/ Command mode)

• Character-by-word movement: You can use up or down keys, or you can:

  • H: Left

  • L: Right

  • J: Next

  • K: on

  • Number plus the move key above, you can move n characters or lines in the corresponding direction

• Move the word "

  • W: Move backwards to the beginning of the next word

  li>

  E: Skips backward to the ending of the current or next word

  • B: Jump forward to the beginning of the current or previous word

  • The above commands all support adding numbers, such as: 3w,4b, can be implemented to move N words

• In-line jump/move

  • 0: Beginning, Absolute Start of

  • ^: The first non-whitespace character at the beginning of the line, relative to the beginning of the header

  • $: End of row, absolute line end

• Inline jump

  • G: Skip to last line

  • #G: Jump down to Line # header

Last line mode jump: directly to the travel number, enter can

Four, turn screen operation

• Ctrl+f: Turn down one screen and flip one screen to the end of the file

• Ctrl+b: Turn up one screen and turn one screen to the file header

• Ctrl+d: Flip Down half screen

• Ctrl+u: Flip up half screen

V. Delete a single character

• X: Delete a single character at the cursor location

• #x: Remove the total # characters from the cursor and backwards

Vi. Delete command D

• The D command can be used together with the cursor jump command to achieve a different deletion effect. Such as:

  • d$: Delete the content at the end of the line at the current cursor

  • D0: Delete the current cursor at the beginning of the content

  • DW: Word deletion

  • 3DW: Delete Three words at a time

  • #de:

  • #db:

  • DD: Deletes the current cursor in the row

  • #dd: Delete the line down from the line where the cursor is located

  • Delete line 10th through 20th (last mode: 1,8d)

• Delete the specified row in the last row mode

  • :., +5d: Delete 5 rows from the current line to the bottom in the last row mode, altogether 6 rows are deleted

  • (. Represents the current row, $ represents the last line, + #表示想下的 # lines);

  • Current line to the penultimate line:., $-3

  • .: Indicates when the forward

  • $: Indicates the last line

  • +#: Represents the Down # line

Seven, paste command: P

• The deleted content is not purged immediately, but is saved in the memory buffer.

• The last deletion of the content, can be pasted into any specified place, can be pasted multiple times;

• P:

  • If you delete or copy the entire line, paste it to the place where the cursor is located;

  • If the copied or deleted content is a non-whole line, paste it to the back of the character where the cursor is located;

• P:

  • If the whole line is deleted or copied, paste it to the top of the cursor;

  • If the copied or deleted content is a non-whole line, paste it in front of the character where the cursor is located;

Viii. Copy command: Y

• Usage with d command

• YY: Copy one line

• 3yy, y0, y$ ...

Nine, first delete the content, and then into the input mode (i.e.: Replace or modify)

• C: Usage with d command

X. REPLACEMENT command

• R: Replace single character

• R: Enter the replacement mode, similar to the Insert key. ESC Exits replacement mode

Xi. Revocation of edits

• U:undo, undo the previous edit operation, you can use continuous u, undo the first n edits

• Note: VI or VIM only saves the last 50 edits in the memory buffer, which means that we can only undo the last 50 edits at the most recent time.

• #u: Undo the edit operation of the most recent # times directly.

Undo undo: Undo/Redo Last undo operation: Ctrl+r

12. Repeat the previous edit operation

• .: Points, powerful points

13. Visualization Mode

• V: Select by character, select to perform all of the above editing operations (d delete, y copy, etc.)

• V: Select by Rectangle block, select by row

14. Find

• /pattern: From file header to tail lookup

• ? PATTERN: From the current cursor line, to the file header, looking backwards

  • N: Next, jump down next

  • N: Previous, jump up next

XV, find and replace

Use the S command in the last-line mode, using the same usage as sed.

• Syntax: ADDR1,ADDR2S@ PATTERN@STRING@gi

  • @: Delimiter

  • S: Find

  • G: Replace

  • I: Ignore character case

For example: Move the document from the current line (.) all lowercase He that starts at the bottom of the document is replaced with the uppercase he

:., $-1s/he/he/g

Full-text replacement:

: 1,$ or:%

1,$, which means that from the first line to the last line, the percent semicolon also refers to the full text.

Exercises:

Replace ftp://instructor.example.com/pub in the/etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo file with Http://172.16.0.1/yum

Key

%s/ ftp: \ /\ /instructor\ . Com\ /pub/ http : \ /\ /172.16.0.1/ GI

%s@ftp://instructor\.example\.com\/pub@/http172.16.0.1/yum @gi

16. How to open multiple files

Vim FILE1 FILE2 FILE3

: Next: Switch to the next file

:p Rev: Switch to previous file

: Last: Switch to final file

: First: Switch to file one

Vim rc.local Init

The first file is displayed by default;

Switch to next file: Next

Switch to last file: prev (note: Before you switch to the previous file, you must save the edited file, otherwise the switch does not pass)

Exit: Exit All

: QA

: Qall

17, split screen display a file

Look at the previous content to edit the following

Ctrl+w,s: Horizontal splitter window

Ctrl+w,v: Vertical splitter window

Toggle window: Ctrl+w,arrow (Upper and lower left and right arrows)

Exit:

: Q Exits a window

: QA all exits, close all windows

--------------------------------------------------------

Horizontal splitter window:

Ctrl+w, loosen, then press S

ctrl+w+ down/On the arrow, toggle the cursor to the top/bottom of the window to edit.

Vertical splitter window:

Ctrl+w, release, then press V

18, sub-window display multiple files

Window 1 shows file 1, window 2 shows file 2

horizontal split display, for example: Vim- o FILE1 FILE2

Vertical Split display, for Example:vim- o FILE1 FILE2

19. Save part of the current document as another file

Use the W command in the last row mode

: W

: W/path/to/somewhere

: Addr1,addr2w/path/to/somewhere

20. Fill in the current file with another file content (merge two files)

: R/path/to/somefile

21. Interacting with the shell

Enter in the last line mode:

:! COMMAND

#COMMAND不支持alias别名命令

22. Advanced Topics

1. Display or suppress line numbers

: Set number--Set Nu

: Set Nonu

2. Ignoring or distinguishing character casing

: Set IC

: Set ignorecase

: Set Noic

: Set Noignorecase

3. Set auto Indent (useful when writing scripts)

: Set Autoindent

: Set AI

: Set Noai

4. Set highlighting (found text highlighting)

: Set Hlsearch

: Set Nohlsearch

5. Syntax highlighting

: Syntax on

: Syntax off

23. Vim Configuration file

Global:VIM/ETC/VIMRC

Local (User level):vim ~/.VIMRC

About Vim's exercises:

The system comes with the vimtutor, do it once a day, each control in half an hour to fix, became.

This article is from the "Cold Tea" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://miaocbin.blog.51cto.com/689091/1665883

How to use the VIM editor