Install the graphic interface package in Linux. 1. Configure the local Yum source on the rhel5 disk.
Dependency problems often occur when installing software. We can configure Yum to help us solve complicated software dependencies.
1.1 attach a cd
[Root @ xml-ora1 MNT] # Mount/dev/CDROM/mnt/CDROM/
Mount: block device/dev/CDROM iswrite-protected, mounting read-only
[Root @ xml-ora1 MNT] # ll/mnt/CDROM/
Total 3770
Dr-XR-x 3 Root 8192 Mar 22 2010 Cluster
Dr-XR-x 3 Root 8192 Mar 22 2010 clusterstorage
-R -- 8 Root 8445 Sep 3 2008 EULA
-R -- 3 Root 8445 Mar 10 2010 EULA. en_us
-R -- 8 Root 18416 Dec 1 2006 GPL
Dr-XR-x 4 Root 2048 Mar 22 2010 Images
Dr-XR-x 2 root Root 2048 Mar 22 2010 isolinux
1.2 modify Yum Source
Copy the original Yum source file backup, then use Vim to edit the yum file and save it:
[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # cp/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak
[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # vi/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo
[Root @ xml-ora1 CDROM] # More/etc/yum. Repos. d/rhel-debuginfo.repo
[Cluster]
Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-Cluster
Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/Cluster
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release
[Clusterstorage]
Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-clusterstorage
Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/clusterstorage
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release
[Server]
Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-Server
Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/Server
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release
[Vt]
Name = Red Hat Enterprise Linux $ releasever-$ basearch-vt
Baseurl = file: // MNT/CDROM/vt
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release
Configuration File social description:
1) The name of the warehouse is in [].
2) Name is the repository description or resource name.
3) location of the baseurl repository, path of the yum source directory
4) Enabled: whether to enable the repository. 1 indicates the repository is used, 0 indicates the repository is disabled,Set local to 1
5) gpgcheck whether to check the GPG signature (used to verify whether the package to be installed is officially RedHat)
1.3 Test Yum source usage
The following information is displayed, indicating that the configuration is successful:
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum grouplist
Setting up group process
Installed groups:
Administration Tools
Legacy Software Development
Legacy Software Support
Mail Server
Network Servers
Server configuration tools
System Tools
Text-based Internet
XWindow system
Available groups:
Authoring and Publishing
Cluster Storage
Clustering
DNS name server
Development Libraries
Development Tools
Editors
Engineering and scientific
FTP Server
GNOME Desktop Environment
Gnome Software Development
Games and entertainment
Graphical Internet
Graphics
Java Development
KDE (K desktop environment)
KDE Software Development
KVM
Legacy network server
MySQL database
News Server
Office/productinetworks
Openfabrics Enterprise Distribution
PostgreSQL database
Printing support
Sound and video
Web Server
Windows File Server
Xsoftware Development
Xen
Done
2. Install the XWindow package
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "X Window System"
Transaction Summary
========================================================== ========================================================
Install 176 package (s)
Upgrade 0 package (s)
Total download size: 95 m
Is this OK [Y/n]:Y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 511 Mb/s | 95 MB
Warning: rpmts_hdrfromfdno: Header V3 dsasignature: nokey, key ID 37017186
Server/gpgkey | 1.1 kb: 00
Importing GPG Key 0x37017186 "Red Hat, Inc. (release key) <security@redhat.com>" from/etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-RedHat-release
Is this OK [Y/n]: Y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running transaction Test
Finished transaction Test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing: libbonobo 1/176
......
Xorg-x11-xkb-utils.x86_640: 1.0.2-2.1
Xsri. x86_64. 1.0-10. fc6
Xulrunner. x86_64 0:1. 9.0.18-1. el5_4
Yelp. x86_64. 16.0-22. EL5
Complete!
In this case, the graphic interface package is successfully installed. When you use Yum to install it again, the installed package will appear. If you install it manually, follow the package below, however, installing many dependent packages is troublesome.
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "x windowsystem"
Setting up group process
Package xorg-x11-fonts-misc-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version
Packagexorg-x11-server-Xorg-1.1.1-48.76.el5.x86_64 already installed and latestversion
Packagexorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-75dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion
Package xorg-x11-fonts-100dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version
Packagexorg-x11-fonts-75dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package 1: xorg-x11-xauth-1.0.1-2.1.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package desktop-backgrounds-basic-2.0-37.noarchalready installed and latest version
Packagexorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-100dpi-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion
Package xorg-x11-xinit-1.0.2-15.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package xorg-x11-fonts-truetype-7.1-2.1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version
Package 1: xorg-x11-xfs-1.0.2-4.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagexorg-x11-fonts-Type1-7.1-2.1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package bitmap-fonts-0.3-5.1.1.noarchalready installed and latest version
Package xorg-x11-drivers-7.1-4.2.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package 1: xorg-x11-twm-1.0.1-3.1.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package xorg-x11-apps-7.1-4.0.1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package pirut-1.3.28-17.el5.noarch alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package openssh-askpass-4.3p2-41.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagerhn-setup-gnome-0.4.20-33.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package liberation-fonts-1.0-1.el5.noarchalready installed and latest version
Package firstboot-1.4.27.8-1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-display-1.0.48-2.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package freeglut-2.4.0-7.1.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package freeglut-2.4.0-7.1.el5.i386 alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package 1: gdm-2.16.0-56.el5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package policycoreutils-gui-1.33.12-14.8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package rhgb-0.16.4-8.el5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package synaptics-0.14.4-8.fc6.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package krb5-auth-dialog-0.7-1.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-soundcard-2.0.6-1.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package xterm-215-8.el5_4.1.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package dejavu-lgc-fonts-2.10-1.noarchalready installed and latest version
Package linuxwacom-0.7.8.3-8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-services-0.9.4-5.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package vnc-server-4.1.2-14.el5_3.1.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-date-1.8.12-4.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
Package glx-utils-6.5.1-7.8.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Package wdaemon-0.14-5.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version
Package authconfig-gtk-5.3.21-6.el5.x86_64already installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-printer-0.7.32.10-1.el5.x86_64 already installed and latestversion
Packagesystem-config-network-1.3.99.18-1.el5.noarch already installed and latestversion
Package bitstream-vera-fonts-1.10-7.noarchalready installed and latest version
Packagesystem-config-users-1.2.51-4.el5.noarch already installed and latest version
No packages in any requested groupavailable to install or update
3. Start XWindow
At this point, if you start the graphic interface, you will see the original graphic interface of Linux, as shown below:
To display the desktop, you also need to install the Desktop component. Use Yum grouplist to view the following components:
GNOME desktop environment and KDE (kdesktop environment) are not installed.
4. Install gnome graphics Desktop
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "gnomedesktop Environment"
Zenity x86_64 2.16.0-2. EL5 Server 1.2 m
Transaction Summary
========================================================== ========================================================
Install 145 package (s)
Upgrade 0 package (s)
Total download size: 124 m
Is this OK [Y/n]:Y
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.4 Gb/s | 124 MB
......
Running rpm_check_debug
Running transaction Test
Xorg-x11-server-Xnest.x86_64. 1.1-48.76.el5
Zenity. x86_64. 16.0-2. EL5
Complete!
5. Start gnome graphics Desktop
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # startx
If the Linux GUI is installed properly, the installation is successful.
6. view commonly used graphical desktop commands 6.1, installed components, and uninstalled Components
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum grouplist
6.2 install the XWindow package
If the system is installed with minimal installation at the beginning, and XWindow is not installed, install
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "x windowsystem"
6.3 install and uninstall GNOME Desktop
Install GNOME Desktop Environment
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop Environment"
Uninstall GNOME Desktop
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupremove "gnome upgrade topenvironment"
6.4 install and uninstall GNOME Desktop
Install the KDE Desktop Environment
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupinstall "KDE (K handle topenvironment )"
Uninstall the KDE Desktop Environment
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # Yum groupremove "KDE (K hour topenvironment )"
6.5 default desktop settings and switching
By default, the desktop selection settings are as follows:
Method 1:Modify/etc/sysconfig/desktop and change the content after "desktop" to KDE or GNOME as needed.
Method 2:Create ". xinitrc "file (note that there is a dot before the file name, which indicates that a hidden file is created). The file contains a line of startkde or gnome-session, select KDE or GNOME as needed.
Switch between GNOME and KDE ("#" is followed by the input command)
1. If you need to switch to Gnome:
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # switchdesk gnome
2. If you need to switch to KDE:
[Root @ xml-ora1 etc] # switchdesk KDE
6.6 exit graphical interface
You can directly press CTRL + ALT + F1 or ctal + ALT + F2 to switch to the text console. Or there are options in the graphic interface menu. When you choose to exit or shut down, you choose to exit the text interface.