Linux Common Commands Encyclopedia

System Information

Processor architecture for arch display machines (1)

UNAME-M processor architecture for display machines (2)

UNAME-R Displays the kernel version being used

DMIDECODE-Q display hardware system parts-(SMBIOS/DMI)

Hdparm-i/dev/hda lists the architectural features of a disk

HDPARM-TT/DEV/SDA perform a test read operation on disk

Cat/proc/cpuinfo display information about CPU info

Cat/proc/interrupts Show interrupts

Cat/proc/meminfo Check Memory usage

Cat/proc/swaps shows which swap is used

Cat/proc/version Displays the kernel version

Cat/proc/net/dev Display network adapters and statistics

Cat/proc/mounts Displays the loaded file system

LSPCI-TV List PCI Devices

LSUSB-TV Display USB Device

Date Displays system dates

Cal 2007 Displays the calendar for 2007 years

Date 041217002007.00 sets the day and time-month and year. seconds

Clock-w saves time changes to the BIOS

Shutdown (System shutdown, reboot, and logout)

Shutdown-h now Shutdown system (1)

Init 0 Shutdown System (2)

Telinit 0 Shutdown System (3)

Shutdown-h hours:minutes & Shut down system at scheduled time

Shutdown-c Cancel system shutdown at scheduled time

Shutdown-r now reboot (1)

Reboot reboot (2)

Logout logoff

Files and directories

Cd/home into '/home ' directory '

Cd.. Return to the previous level of the directory

Cd.. /.. Back to Level two directory

CD goes to personal home directory

CD ~user1 into a personal home directory

CD-Back to the last directory

PWD Display work path

LS View the files in the directory

Ls-f view files in a directory

Ls-l display details of files and directories

Ls-a Show hidden files

LS *[0-9]* Displays the file name and directory name that contains the number

Tree shows the roots of the file and directory by the root directory (1)

Lstree display file and directory tree structure starting from root directory (2)

mkdir dir1 Create a directory called ' Dir1 '

mkdir dir1 DIR2 Create two directories at the same time

Mkdir-p/tmp/dir1/dir2 Create a directory tree

Rm-f file1 Delete a file called ' File1 '

RmDir dir1 Delete a directory called ' Dir1 '

RM-RF Dir1 Deletes a directory called ' Dir1 ' and deletes its contents at the same time

RM-RF dir1 DIR2 Delete two directories and their contents at the same time

MV Dir1 new_dir rename/move a directory

CP file1 file2 Copy a file

CP dir/*. Copy all files in one directory to the current working directory

Cp-a/tmp/dir1. Copy a directory to the current working directory

Cp-a dir1 dir2 Copy a directory

Ln-s file1 lnk1 Create a soft link to a file or directory

ln file1 lnk1 Create a physical link to a file or directory

Touch-t 0712250000 File1 Modify the timestamp of a file or directory-(YYMMDDHHMM)

File File1 outputs the MIME type of the file as text

Iconv-l List of known encodings

Iconv-f fromencoding-t toencoding inputfile > OutputFile creates a new from the given input file by assuming it is en Coded in fromencoding and converting it to toencoding.

Find. -maxdepth 1-name *.jpg-print-exec Convert "{}"-resize 80x60 "thumbs/{}"; Batch resize files in the current directory and send them to a thumbnails directory (requires convert from Imagemagick)

File Search

Find/-name file1 from '/' into root file system search files and directories

Find/-user User1 search for files and directories belonging to the user ' User1 '

Find/home/user1-name *.bin searches the directory '/Home/user1 ' for files with '. Bin ' End

Find/usr/bin-type f-atime +100 searches for executable files that have not been used in the last 100 days

Find/usr/bin-type f-mtime-10 search for files that were created or modified within 10 days

Find/-name *.rpm-exec chmod 755 ' {} '; Search for files ending with '. RPM ' and define their permissions

Find/-xdev-name *.rpm search for files ending with '. RPM ', ignoring removable devices such as optical drive, Czech disk, etc.

Locate *.ps looking for files ending with '. ps '-run the ' updatedb ' command first

Whereis Halt Displays the location of a binary file, source code, or man

Which halt displays the full path of a binary file or executable file