Linux Common Commands-ls

Ls

Introduction :

The LS command is used to display the target list, which is a high-usage command in Linux. The output information of the LS command can be colored highlighted to distinguish between different types of files.

Parameters:

The directory or file to display

Options :

-A: Show All files and directories

[Email protected] ppp]# ls-a.      Chap-secrets ip-down ip-up.ipv6to4 options peers. Eaptls-client ip-down.ipv6to4 ipv6-down options.pptpdbackup eaptls-server ip-up ipv6-up pap-sec RETs

-A: Displays except. and. List of all files except

[Email protected] ppp]# ls-abackup eaptls-server ip-up ipv6-up pap-secretschap-secrets ip-d Own ip-up.ipv6to4 options peerseaptls-client ip-down.ipv6to4 ipv6-down options.pptpd

-C: Default option, multi-column display

  -L: Displays a table of contents in a long format. The output information includes file name, file type, permission mode, number of hard connections, owner, group, file size, and last modified time of file, etc.

[[email protected] ppp]# ls -ltotal 52drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    26 jun 21 13:02 backup-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  393  JUN 27 22:04 CHAP-SECRETS-RW-------.  1 root root  349 jan  26  2014 EAPTLS-CLIENT-RW-------.  1 root root  405 jan  26  2014 eaptls-server-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  386 sep  16  2015 ip-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3214 Sep 16   2015 ip-down.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  430 Sep 16   2015 ip-up-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6426 Sep 16  2015  ip-up.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1687 sep 16  2015  Ipv6-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root roOt 3182 sep 16  2015 ipv6-up-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     5 jan 26  2014 options-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   174 JUN 21 13:07 OPTIONS.PPTPD-RW-------.  1 root root   77  Jan 26  2014 pap-secretsdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     6 sep 16  2015 peers

-F: Appends the type identifier to each output item, meaning: * Indicates a normal file with Execute permission/directory, @ denotes symbolic link, | Indicates that the pipe fifo,= represents a socket file; If the file is a normal file, the symbol is not displayed

[[email protected] ppp]# ls-fbackup/eaptls-server ip-up* ipv6-up* pap-secretschap-secrets IP -down* ip-up.ipv6to4* options peers/eaptls-client ip-down.ipv6to4* ipv6-down* options.pptpd

-B: Output non-output characters in the file as backslash \ Plus character encoding

  -C: When in use with the "-lt" option, the output is sorted according to the file status time, sorted by the CTime field of the index node of the file. When in conjunction with "-L", the order is based on the state change time of the file, (find recently modified file)

[[Email protected] ppp]# ls -clttotal 52-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   393 jun 27 22:04 chap-secrets-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  174  jun 21 13:07 options.pptpddrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   26  JUN 21 13:02 BACKUP-RW-------.  1 root root   77 nov   9  2015 PAP-SECRETS-RW-------.  1 root root  349 nov   9  2015 EAPTLS-CLIENT-RW-------.  1 root root  405 nov   9  2015 eaptls-server-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     5 nov  9  2015 optionsdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root     6 Nov  9  2015 peers-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3182  Nov  9  2015 ipv6-up-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1687 nov  9  2015  ipv6-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3214 Nov  9  2015  ip-down.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  430 nov  9  2015  ip-up-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6426 Nov  9  2015  ip-up.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  386 nov  9  2015  Ip-down

-D: Displays only the directory name, not the list of contents under the directory. Displays the symbolic link itself without displaying the list of directories it points to

[Email protected] ppp]# ls-d.

-F: Equivalent to-au, while closing the-lst parameter effect

-I: Displays the File node index number (inode). An index node represents a file

[[email protected] ppp]# ls-i33561426 backup 8752619 ip-down.ipv6to4 8875544 options 8875772 chap-secrets 8 752620 ip-up 8828786 options.pptpd 8875542 eaptls-client 8752621 ip-up.ipv6to4 8875545 pap-secrets 88755 Eaptls-server 8752622 Ipv6-down 17338787 peers 8752618 ip-down 8752623 ipv6-up

-K: Displays the file size in kilobytes

-M: Use to differentiate the name of each file and directory

[Email protected] ppp]# ls-mbackup, Chap-secrets, Eaptls-client, Eaptls-server, Ip-down, ip-down.ipv6to4,ip-up, Ip-up.ipv6to4, Ipv6-down, ipv6-up, Options, OPTIONS.PPTPD, pap-secrets,peers

-N: Replace its name with User ID and group ID

[[email protected] ppp]# ls -ntotal 52drwxr-xr-x. 2 0 0    26 jun 21 13:02 backup-rw-r--r--.  1 0 0  393 Jun  27 22:04 CHAP-SECRETS-RW-------.  1 0 0  349 Jan 26   2014 EAPTLS-CLIENT-RW-------.  1 0 0  405 Jan 26  2014  eaptls-server-rwxr-xr-x. 1 0 0  386 sep 16  2015  ip-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 0 0 3214 sep 16  2015  ip-down.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 0 0  430 sep 16  2015  Ip-up-rwxr-xr-x. 1 0 0 6426 sep 16  2015 ip-up.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x.  1 0 0 1687 Sep 16  2015 ipv6-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 0  0 3182 sep 16  2015 ipv6-up-rW-r--r--.  1 0 0    5 Jan 26  2014  Options-rw-r--r--.  1 0 0  174 Jun 21 13:07  OPTIONS.PPTPD-RW-------.  1 0 0   77 Jan 26  2014  pap-secretsdrwxr-xr-x. 2 0 0    6 sep 16  2015  Peers

-R: Order and output the list of directory contents in the reverse order of the file name

[Email protected] ppp]# ls-rpeers options ip-up.ipv6to4 ip-down chap-secretspap-secrets ipv6-up ip-up eaptls-server backupoptions.pptpd ipv6-down ip-down.ipv6to4 eaptls-client

-S: Displays the size of files and directories in chunks

[[email protected] ppp]# Ls-stotal 520 Backup 4 ip-down 4 ipv6-down 4 PAP-SECRETS4 chap-secrets 4    Ip-down.ipv6to4 4 ipv6-up 0 peers4 eaptls-client 4 ip-up 4 options4 eaptls-server 8 ip-up.ipv6to4 4 OPTIONS.PPTPD

-L: If you encounter a file or directory with a symbolic link, directly list the original file or directory that the link points to

-R: Recursive processing, displaying subdirectories and their contents

[[email protected] ppp]# ls-r.:backup eaptls-server ip-up ipv6-up pap-secretschap-secrets IP -down ip-up.ipv6to4 options peerseaptls-client ip-down.ipv6to4 ipv6-down options.pptpd./backup:opt Ions.pptpd./peers:

--full-time: List the full date and time

[[Email protected] ppp]# ls --full-timetotal 52drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    26 2016-06-21 13:02:32.013269152 -0400 backup-rw-r--r--.  1  ROOT ROOT  393 2016-06-27 22:04:47.787080902 -0400 CHAP-SECRETS-RW-------.  1 root root  349 2014-01-26 17:03:34.000000000 -0500  EAPTLS-CLIENT-RW-------.  1 root root  405 2014-01-26 17:03:34.000000000  -0500 eaptls-server-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  386 2015-09-16  07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ip-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3214 2015-09-16  07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ip-down.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  430  2015-09-16 07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ip-up-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6426  2015-09-16 07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ip-up.ipv6to4-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1687 2015-09-16  07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ipv6-down-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3182 2015-09-16  07:51:07.000000000 -0400 ipv6-up-rw-r--r--.  1 root root     5 2014-01-26 17:03:34.000000000 -0500 options-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   174 2016-06-21 13:07:36.576788032 -0400 OPTIONS.PPTPD-RW-------.  1 root  root   77 2014-01-26 17:03:34.000000000 -0500 pap-secretsdrwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 2015-09-16 07:59:43.000000000 -0400  Peers

--color[=when]: Highlighting different types of directories and files using different colors

Note: Command reference from man and Linux command Daquan website

This article is from the "Sleep under P" blog, so be sure to keep this source http://lch9978.blog.51cto.com/8159694/1795814

Linux Common Commands-ls