Linux Device and corresponding document name, hard disk partition and related knowledge

(1) in Linux, each device is treated as a file

First of all, in the Linux system, almost all hardware device files are in the/dev directory, so you will see/dev/hda, /dev/fd0 and so on.

Device	Device File Name in Linux
IDE Hard Drive	/Dev/HD [a-d]
SCSI/SATA/USB disk hard drive	/Dev/SD [A-p]
USB flash drive	/Dev/SD [A-p] (same as SATA)
Floppy Disk	/Dev/FD [0-1]
Printer	25-pin:/dev/LP [0-2] USB flash disk:/dev/USB/LP [0-15]
Mouse	USB flash drive:/dev/USB/mouse [0-15] PS2:/dev/psaux
Current CDROM/dvdrom	/Dev/CDROM
Current mouse	/Dev/mouse
Tape drive	IDE:/dev/ht0 SCSI:/dev/st0

For the IDE interface, because an IDE cable can be connected to two ide devices, and generally the host provides two ide interfaces, a maximum of four ide devices can be connected. That is to say, if you already have a CD device, you can only connect three more ide interfaces to the disk. These two ide interfaces are usually called ide1 (primary) and ide2 (secondary), and the IDE devices on each cable can be divided into master and slave. The four ide devices are named:

IDE \ jumper	Master	Slave
Ide1 (primary)	/Dev/hda	/Dev/HDB
Ide2 (secondary)	/Dev/HDC	/Dev/HDD

(2) Segmentation

Features of primary partitions, extended partitions, and logical partitions

• There can be a maximum of four split and expansion distributions (Hard Disk restrictions)
• A maximum of one extension can be allocated (limited by the operating system)
• Logical split is the split slot that is continuously cut out by the extended distribution;

• After being formatted, it is divided into logical partitions as the segmentation slot for data access. Extended allocation cannot be formatted;
• The number of logical partitions varies according to the operating system. In Linux,An IDE hard drive can have a maximum of 59 logical partitions (numbers 5 to 63), and a SATA hard drive can have 11 logical partitions (numbers 5 to 15 ).

(3) Hard Disk Composition

• The slice (sector) is the smallest physical storage unit, and each slice is 512 bytes;
• Make the slice into a circle, that is, cylinder, which is the smallest unit of the partition;
• The first sector is the most important, including: (1) Master Boot Record and MBR and partition table. MBR occupies 446 bytes, the partition table occupies 64 bytes.

(4) Boot Mode:

Linux dd drive Disk

Linux KS Unattended Installation

(5) Mount

Mount-T vfat/dev/sdb/mnt (attach a USB flash drive)

Mount-T iso9660/dev/CDROM/mnt (load CDROM)

Mount-t cifs-O username = administrator // 192.168.0.1/tools/MT (mount Windows CIFS)

Mount 192.168.0.2:/var/FTP/pub/mnt (Linux mounting)

CAT/dev/cdrpm> A. ISO (create an ISO file)

Mount-T iso9660-o loop A. ISO/MT (ISO file loading must be-O)

Umount