Linux Find File (directory) lookup

1 File Lookup:2 find eligible files on the file system;3 4 File Lookup: Locate, find5 non-real-time lookup (Database Lookup): Locate6 Real-time find: find7 8 Locate:9 dependent on pre-built indexes; The index is built automatically when the system is idle (periodic tasks); Manually update the database (updatedb);Ten  One the index construction process needs to traverse the whole root file system, consuming resources extremely; A  - Working characteristics: - fast search speed; the fuzzy search; - non-real-time lookup; -  - Locate KEYWORD +  - Find: + Real-time Find tool to complete file search by traversing the file system under the specified path; A  at Working characteristics: - The search speed is slightly slower; - accurate search; - real-time search; -  - Syntax: in find [OPTION] ... [Find Path] [Search Criteria] [Handling Action] - Find path: Specify the target path, default to the current directory; to search criteria: The specified search criteria can be file name, size, type, permissions and other standards, the default is to find all the files under the specified path; + handling actions: What to do with the eligible files; default output to the screen; -  the Search criteria: * Search by file name: $-name"file name": Supports the use of GlobPanax Notoginseng*, ?, [], [^] --iname"file name": letter Case insensitive the  +-regex"PATTERN": Matches the entire file path string with pattern, not just the file name; A  the According to the genus, the genus Group looks for: +-User USERNAME: Find files belonging to the owner of the specified user; - Group GRPNAME: Find files that belong to a specified group; $  $-uid UserID: Finds the file that belongs to the specified UID number; --gid GroupID: Finds files belonging to the specified GID number; -  the-Nouser: Find files that are not owned by the master; --Nogroup: Find files without a group;Wuyi  the Find by file type: --Type type: Wu f: Normal file - d: Catalog file About L: Symbolic Link file $ s: Socket file - B: Block device files - C: Character device file - P: Pipeline file A  + Combination conditions: theWith:-a -Or:-o $Non-:- not, ! the  the! A-a! B =! Ao B) the! A-o! B =! Aa B) the  -Findtmp directory, the owner is not root, and the file name is not fstab files; inFIND/TMP \ (- not-user Root-a- not-name'Fstab'\) -ls theFind/tmp- not\ (-user root-o-name'Fstab'\) -ls the  About depending on the file size, look for: the-size [+|-]#UNIT the Common units: K, M, G the  +                             #UNIT: (#-1, #] 3k----(2,3) --#Unit:[0,#-1] 3k----[0,2] the+#UNIT: (#,oo) 3k = = (3,+oo)Bayi  the based on time stamp: the take "Day" as the unit; --atime [+|-]#,   -                                 #: [#,#+1] 3 [3,4] the+#: [#+1,oo] [4,oo] the-#: [0,#] [0.3] the-Mtime the-CTime -  the in "minutes" units: the-Amin the-Mmin94-Cmin the  the Search by permissions: the-perm [+|-]mode98 MODE: exact permission match About+MODE: The permission of any class (U,g,o) object can only be matched by one match; --MODE: Each type of object must have a permission standard assigned to it at the same time;101 102 Handling actions:103-Print: The default processing action, display to the screen;104-ls: Similar to executing "LS-for found file"l "ORDER; the-Delete : Deletes the found file;106-fls/path/to/somefile: Long format information for all files found is saved to the specified file;107-OK command {} \; Executes commands specified for each file found ;108 user Confirmation is requested interactively before each file executes the command;109-execcommand {}\; executes commands specified for each file found ; the {}: Used to refer to the file name itself;111  the Note: When find passes the found file to the command specified later, it finds all eligible files once passed to the following command;113 Some commands cannot accept too many arguments, at which point the command execution may fail, and another way to circumvent this problem: theFind |Xargs COMMAND the  the Practice:1171. Find/The var directory is subordinate to root and all files or directories belonging to the group Mail;118                 #find/var-user Root-group Mail119  -2. Find/all files or directories in the USR directory that do not belong to root, bin, or Hadoop;121                 #find/usr-not-user root-a-not-user bin-a-not-user Hadoop122                 #find/usr-not \ (-user root-o-user bin-o-user hadoop \)123 1243. Find/etc directory in the most Monday weeks its content has been modified, while the owner is not root, nor is it a Hadoop file or directory; the                 #find/etc-mtime-7-a-not-user root-a-not-user Hadoop126                 #find/etc/-mtime-7-a-not \ (-user root-o-user hadoop \)127  -4, find files or directories on the current system that are not owned by the master or group, and have been visited in the last week;129                 #Find/-nouser-a-nogroup-a-atime-7 the 1315. Find/all files that are larger than 1M in the ETC directory and are of the normal file type; the                 #find/etc-size +1m-type F133 134 1356. Find/all users in the ETC directory do not have permission to write files;136             #find/etc-not-perm/222137 1387. Find/at least one type of user does not have permission to execute files in etc directory;139             #find/etc-not-perm-111 $ 1418. Find/etc/INIT.D directory, all users have execute permissions, and other users have write permission files;142             #find/etc/init.d-perm-113

File Lookup: Find eligible files on the file system;
File Lookup: Locate, find non-real-time lookup (Database lookup): Locate real-time lookup: Find
Locate: relies on pre-built indexes, which are built automatically when the system is idle (periodic tasks); Manually update the database (UPDATEDB);
The index construction process needs to traverse the whole root file system, consuming resources extremely;
Working characteristics: Fast Search, fuzzy search, non-real-time search;
Locate KEYWORD
Find: Real-time Find tool to complete file search by traversing the file system under the specified path;
Job Characteristics: Search speed is slightly slow, accurate search; real-time search;
Syntax: Find [OPTION] ... [Find Path] [Search Criteria] [Processing action] Find the path: Specify the target path, default to the current directory, search criteria: The specified search criteria, can be file name, size, type, permissions and other standards, the defaults to find all the files under the specified path, processing actions: What to do with the conditions of the file, the default output to the screen;
Search criteria: Search by FileName:-name "file name": Support using glob*,?, [], [^]-iname "file name": Case-insensitive letter
-regex "pattern": matches the entire file path string with pattern, not just the file name;
Search by Genus:-user USERNAME: Finds files that belong to the specified user; Group GRPNAME: Finds files belonging to the specified group;
-uid UserID: Finds the file that belongs to the specified UID number;-gid GroupID: Finds files belonging to the specified GID number;
-nouser: Find files that are not owned by the master;-nogroup: Find files that are not part of the group;
Find by file type:-type type:f: Normal file D: Directory file L: Symbolic link File s: Socket file B: Block device file C: Character device file P: Pipe file
Combination conditions: With:-A or:-O non:-not,!
! A-a! B =! (A-o B)! A-o! B =! (A-a B)
Find out the/tmp directory, the owner is not root, and the file name is not fstab files; find/tmp \ (-not-user root-a-not-name ' fstab ' \)-lsfind/tmp-not \ (-user root-o -name ' fstab ' \)-ls
Find by File size:-size [+|-] #UNIT常用单位: K, M, G
#UNIT: (#-1, #] 3k----(2,3]-#UNIT: [0,#-1] 3k----[0,2]+ #UNIT: (#,oo) 3k = = (3,+oo)
Based on time stamp: in "Day" unit;-atime [+|-]#, #: [#,#+1] 3 [3,4] +#: [#+1,oo][4,oo]-#: [0,#] [0.3]-mtime-ctime
In minutes:-amin-mmin-cmin
Lookup According to permissions:-perm [+|-]modemode: Exact permissions match +mode: the permission of any class of (U,g,o) object can only be one match;-mode: Each class of objects must have the same permission criteria assigned to it;
Processing action:-print: Default processing action, display to screen;-ls: Similar to executing "ls-l" command on found file;-delete: Delete found file;-fls/path/to/ Somefile: Long format information for all files found is saved to the specified file;-ok COMMAND {} \; Executes commands specified by command on each file found, and interactively asks for user confirmation before executing commands for each file;-exec command {}\; Executes commands specified by the command for each file found; {}: Used to refer to the file name itself;
Note: When find passes the found file to the command specified later, it finds all eligible files to be passed to the following command one at a time, and some commands cannot accept too many arguments, at which point the command execution may fail; Another way to circumvent this problem: find | Xargs COMMAND
Exercise: 1, find the/var directory subordinate to the main root, and belong to the group mail all files or directories; # find/var-user Root-group Mail
2. Find all files or directories that do not belong to root, bin or hadoop under the/usr directory; # find/usr-not-user root-a-not-user bin-a-not-user hadoop# find/usr-not \ (-user root-o-user bin-o-user hadoop \)
3, find in/etc directory in the most Monday weeks its content has been modified, and is not the root of the master, nor is the file or directory of Hadoop; # find/etc-mtime-7-a-not-user root-a-not-user hadoop# find/etc /-mtime-7-a-not \ (-user root-o-user hadoop \)
4. Find files or directories on the current system that are not owned by the master or group, and have been visited in the last week; # Find/-nouser-a-nogroup-a-atime-7
5. Find all files that are larger than 1M in the/etc directory and are of normal file type; # find/etc-size +1m-type F

6. Find files with no write permission for all users in/etc directory; # find/etc-not-perm/222
7. Find at least one class of users who do not have permission to execute files in/etc directory; # find/etc-not-perm-111
8, find/etc/init.d directory, all users have execute permission, and other users have write permission files; # find/etc/init.d-perm-113

Linux Find File (directory) lookup