Linux root file system details, linux Root details
ELF: storage format of executable files
Executable, connectable files
File System:
Rootfs: root file system
Ls/
/Boot: files related to system startup, such as kernel, initrd, and grub (boot Loader bootloader)
Vmlinux-2.6.18-308.el5
Initrd-2.6.18-308.el5.img
/Dev: Device File, yellow. Note: All devices are identified as files.
The device file is only the access point for data on the device.
Block devices: Random Access, block-Based Access
Character devices: Linear access, sequential access, character-based access, keyboard, mouse, and display
Device No.: main device No. (major) and sub-device No. (minor)
Symbolic Link file:
Dvd, → hdc
Cdrom, → hdc
Cdrom-hdc, → hdc
Cdrw, → hdc
Cdrw-hdc, → hdc
Cdwriter, → hdc
Cdwriter-hdc, → hdc
/Etc: configuration file, plain text
/Home: the home directory of the user. The default home directory of each user is/home/USERNAME.
/Root: Administrator's home directory
/Lib: library file and kernel module file,
Note: The library file cannot be executed independently, and there is no program access portal and can only be called
Library: encapsulated functions, which can be called directly
/Lib/modules: kernel module File
Static Library:.
Dynamic library:. dll,. so (shared object) shared object
For example, program A uses shared library a and stores it in the memory. Program B uses shared library a and uses it directly in the memory. Shared library a uses only one occupied space in the memory, greatly saving the memory space.
Static Library: Included in program
/Lost + found: storage host suddenly loses power and files cannot be saved.
/Media: mount point directory, mobile devices, USB flash drives, optical disks,
/Mnt: mount point directory, additional temporary file system, Hard Disk
Mount: Linux. You need to associate the device with a node in the root file system.
/Misc: Miscellaneous
/Opt: optional, available Directory, installation directory of third-party programs
/Proc: pseudo file system, kernel ing file, kernel attribute
/Sys: pseudo file system, property ing file related to hardware devices
Modify disk scheduling queues, I/O scheduling queues, etc.
/Tmp: temporary file, green, permission t
All users can create their own temporary files and only delete their own temporary files.
/Var: changeable File
/Var/tmp: Temporary File
Pid: process ID
/Bin: binary, binary, executable file, USER command, related to system startup
/Sbin: super, management command, related to system startup
/Usr: universal shared read-only, globally shared read-only files, read-only files,
/Usr/bin:
/Usr/sbin:
/Usr/lib:
/Usr/local: third-party software installation directory
/Usr/local/bin:
/Usr/local/sbin:
/Usr/local/lib:
Naming rules:
1. Strictly case sensitive;
2. The length cannot exceed 255 characters;
3. Cannot Use/when the file name
Relative Path:
Absolute path:
File Management
Directory management
Ls
Cd
Pwd
Mkdir: Create an empty directory
Run the program
Device management
Software management
Process Management
Network Management