Linux mimics the UNIX habits of Use

Linux mimics the UNIX habits of Use

Shell

The program used to run system directives

Can invoke other system directives in the system

Instructions can be combined into scripts to execute

The original Shell:bourne Shell (Bell Labs)

The most commonly used Shell:bourne-again Shell (bash)

Commonly referred to as terminal

Command prompt

[Email protected]:path$ General User

[Email protected]:path# root User

Basic shell command

Cat is used to display the contents of a file (merge displays multiple file contents)

Input/Output

The standard input output is called Stdin/stdout

Third Standard flow stderr

Ctrl-d End Current input

Ctrl-c no matter what the current situation forces the end

Bash provides alphabetical completion by tab

Ls	List current directory
	-L	Details (permissions, Inode, owner, genus, size, modification time)
	-A	Show include hidden content
	-D	Display only the directory's own information
	-I.	Display Inode Information
	-S	Sort by file size
	-R	Reverse order
	-T	Sort by modified time
	-H	File size is displayed in a way that can be read
ll	Ls-la
Cp	Copy
	CP file1 File2
	CP file1 File2 dir/
	-r/r	Copy a directory and all of its contents
	-L	Hard-link copy (Ls-li)
	-S	Soft link Copy
	-S	Suffix after target name
	-U	New-time copy of source than target
Mv	Move
	MV File1 File2
	MV File1 File2 dir/
	-F	Force move, overwrite target
Touch	Create an empty file
	If the file name already exists, do not modify the content, modify the file Mtime
	Touch file
Rm	Delete
	RM file
	RM-RF dir/
	-I.	Every reminder before deletion
	-D	Delete Empty Directory
Echo	Show command parameters in stdout
	echo "Hello word"
	-N	Show end No Line break
	-E	Interpreting backslash transfer characters ECHO-E A\\NB
	Echo $HOME

Directory Structure related

~	Represents the Home directory
Absolute path	From/Start, directory end, such a full path cd/home/user1/desktop/
Relative path	Direct CD current directory subdirectory name CD desktop/
.	Represents the current directory
..	Top level Directory
Mkdir	Create a Directory
	-P	You can create multi-level catalogs
Cd	Switch to Directory
RmDir	Delete Empty Directory
	-P	You can delete a series of empty directories

Wildcard characters

# #root下关闭防火墙 # # #centos7 www.tiaotiaoylzc.com systemctl stop firewalld.service systemctl disable Firewalld.service # CENTOS6 www.yongxinzaixian.cn service iptables stop chkconfig www.douniu1956.com/iptables off www.tiaotiaoylzc.com # # Under Root, turn off Safe Mode # # #1. Permanently effectively modifies the selinux= "" in the/etc/selinux/config file to Disabled, and then restarts. #2. Immediate effect Setenforce 0

* All Objects

*1* file name consists of 1 files

Pwd	Show current Full Catalog
	-P	Physical path (view the true path of the soft link)
	-L	Logical path
Grep	The line that crawls the required content
	grep root/etc/passwd
	grep r*/etc/passwd
	grep root/etc/*
	-I.	Ignore case
	-V	Reverse match
	-N	Show line Numbers
	-R	Recursive directories and all files in subdirectories
	-C	Displays the number of lines in the target file that contain keywords
	Grep-f 1.txt 2.txt matches multiple keywords in 1.txt simultaneously
	grep a[123] a.txt simultaneous matching A1,A2,A3
	Grep-e ' 1|2|3 ' a.txt or 1 or 2 or 3
Less	Show output on one page at a time
	Shortcut keys
	Z/b	Page forward/back
	V	Enter edit mode
	G/g	Jump directly to the first row/last row
	/word	Search for keywords Forward
	？ Word	Search for keywords backwards
	n/n	Forward/reverse Continue search keywords
	Q	Exit
Head	Display the contents of the file header (the first 10 lines are displayed by default)
	-N	n is the specified number of rows
Tail	Show end of file (10 rows by default)
	-N	n is the number of rows to be set
	-F	Real-time display of trailer content ==tailf
Diff	Comparing text files
	diff a B
	A-add, more than 2:1 files, C-change, different content, d-delete files more than 1:2
	-U	Unified format output (---file 1,+++ file 2)
	-Y	Parallel Output comparison (|, different, <, file 1,>, file 2)
	-W	Ignore spaces
	-I.	Ignore case
	can also be used to compare folders
File	Detecting file formats
	Sequential execution of three test sets FileSystem: Matching System header file <sys/stat.h> Magic: Match the file's head to magical values,-l parameter view Language: The character type that matches the start of the file, ASCII, UTF-8 A Test match is stop detection, all mismatch returns data
	-F	File list
	-ib	MIME type
Locate	Search based on a file index
	Fast, but not accurate.
	UpdateDB	Update index
Find	Search for files
	Find/-name Abc*.txt
	Find. -type b c D F |
	Find. -user user1
	Find. -mtime +1-mtime-20 (atime,ctime,amin,mmin,cmin)
	-cnewer file	Find files that are newer than this file
Stat	View the details of a file
	which Access: Accessing Time Modify: Modification Time Change: Modify Permission Time
Sort	Sort
	-R	Reverse Sort
	-N	Sort by numeric size
	-M	Sort by month (' JAN '----' DEC ')
	Ls-l--sort=key

command-line shortcut keys

Ctrl-b	Left
ctrl-f	Right
Ctrl-p	up
Ctrl-n	down
ctrl-a	cursor to the beginning of the line
ctrl-e	Cursor to end of line
ctrl-w	Delete contents before cursor to space
ctrl-u	Delete cursor to the beginning of the line
ctrl-k	Delete cursor to the beginning of the line
ctrl-y	Paste the last deleted content (last deleted in copy)

All Linux pairs are files

A running file is called a process

Linux mimics the UNIX habits of Use