Naming sources for Linux common commands

Many people wonder when they are learning Linux: How can they be defined by so many Linux names? How did Linus make such a large and varied order? This article may help you solve your doubts today. # # 1. Directory abbreviations

Abbreviations | Full name | Description
-| -| -|
/bin | BINaries | Binary executable commands
/dev | DEVices | Special Equipment files
/etc | Etcetera | System administration and configuration files
/etc/fstab | FileSystem TABle | File/etc/fstab contains static file system information that defines how storage devices and partitions are integrated into the entire system. The mount command reads the file and determines the mount options for the device and partition.
/lib | LIBraries | Library files
/mnt | MouNT | The system provides this directory to allow users to temporarily mount other file systems.
/opt | OPTion | A directory where third-party software is placed. If you want to install additional software on your own (not provided by the original distribution), you can also install your software here.
/proc | PROCesses | A virtual directory, which is a mapping of system memory. This directory can be accessed directly to obtain system information.
/sbin | Super BINaries, Superuser BINaries | System administration commands, which are stored in the hypervisor used by the system administrator
/srv | SeRVices | is the data directory to which these services need to be taken after some network services are started. Common services such as www,ftp.
/sys | SYStem | The virtual file system, which mainly records kernel-related information, including the currently loaded kernel modules and the kernel detects hardware device information, also does not account for hard disk capacity.
/tmp | Temporary | Common temporary file storage points
TTY | Teletypewriter | "Telex typewriter", in Unix-like, keyboard display, are virtual teletypewriter
/usr | Unix system/software/shared Resources | The directory that is placed by the Unix operating system software resource is not user data. FHS recommends that all software developers make their data reasonably available to subdirectories in this directory, rather than creating a separate directory of the software themselves.
/var | VARiable | Overflow zones for some large files, such as log files for various services

Note: specific to the function of each directory and role, you can refer to the following two articles:

What are the abbreviations for the commands that are commonly used in –[linux? ] (What are the abbreviations for the commands that are commonly used in Linux?) –linux System Management)
–[(GO) Linux directory structure and its meaning] ((GO) Linux directory structure and its meaning) (this is more detailed)

# # 2. Command abbreviations

Abbreviations | Full name | Description
-| -| —
Apt | Advanced Packaging Tool | is the APT package management tool in the Debian Linux distribution. General with Apt-get or apt-update
awk | Aho Weiberger and Kernighan | Alfred Aho,peter Weinberger, and the first character of Brian Kernighan's family name. A programming language that is used to process text and data under Linux/unix.
bash | Bourne Again SHell | A shell
BG | BackGround | Used to put jobs in the background to run, so that the foreground can perform other tasks. The effect of this command is the same as adding a symbol & after the instruction, all of which are placed in the system background execution.
Cal | CALendar | Used to display the current calendar, or a calendar that specifies a date.
Cat | CATenate | "Connect", connect files and print to standard output devices, cat is often used to display the contents of the file, similar to the type command below.
Chgrp | Change GRouP | Used to change the user group to which the file or directory belongs.
chmod | Change MODe | Permission to change a file or directory.
Chown | Change OWNer | Change the owner of a file or directory and the group it belongs to, which can authorize a user to become the owner of the specified file or to change the group to which the file belongs.
CD | Change Directory | Switch working directory
CP | CoPy | Copy one or more source files or directories to a specified destination file or directory
DD | Data Description | Used to copy files and convert and format the contents of the original file.
DF | Disk Free | Used to display the available disk space on a disk partition. The default display unit is KB.
Du | Disk Usage | Look at the space used, but unlike the DF command, the Linux du command is a view of the space used by the file and directory disks, or some difference from the DF command.
diff | Difference | In the simplest case, the comparison of the given two files is different.
dpkg | Debian Package | A utility used by Debian Linux systems to install, create, and manage software packages.
Ed | EDitor | Single-line Plain text editor, which has two modes of operation: Command mode and input mode.
Emacs | Editor MACroS | is a powerful full-screen text editor developed by Richard Stallman, founder of the GNU Organization, which supports a variety of programming languages with many good features. (Note: Vim Dafa good!!!) )
env | Environment | Used to display environment variables that already exist in the system and to execute directives in the defined environment.
exec | EXECute | The command used to invoke and execute the instruction.
fsck | File System consistency ChecK, or fuck | Used to check for and attempt to repair errors in the file system.
gawk | Gnu Aho Weiberger and Kernighan |
grep | Gnu Regular Expression Print | (Global search Regular expression (RE) and print out of the line, full search of regular expressions and print out the lines) is a powerful text-search tool that can use regular expressions to search for text and print matching lines.
Grub | GRand Unified Bootloader | The command-line shell tool for the multiboot grub.
Ifconfig | InterFace CONFIGuration | The network parameters that are used to configure and display the network interfaces in the Linux kernel.
init | initialization | Process Initialization Tool under Linux
Insmod | INStall Module | Used to load a given module into the kernel.
ln | LiNk | Used for file creation connection, connection type is divided into hard connection and symbolic connection two kinds, the default connection type is hard connection. If you want to create a symbolic connection, you must use the "-S" option.
ls | LiSt | Show Target list
Lsmod | LiSt Module | Used to display status information for modules that have been loaded into the kernel.
Mans | MANual | The help instructions under Linux can be used to view information such as instruction help, configuration file Help, and programming help in Linux with the Man command. Generally jokingly have a problem to find a man ...
mkdir | Make DIRectory | Create a Directory
Mkfs | Make FileSystem | Used to create a Linux file system on a device (usually a hard disk).
MV | MoVe | Rename the file or directory, or move the file from one directory to another.
Nano | Nano ' s another editor | is a text editor of a character terminal, a bit like the editor program under DOS.
parted | PARTition EDitor | A powerful disk partition and partition sizing tool developed by the GNU organization, unlike Fdisk, which supports resizing partitions.
passwd | PASSWorD | Used to set the user's authentication information, including user password, password expiration time and so on.
ping | Packet InterNet Grouper | Used to test the connectivity of networks between hosts. The ping command uses the ICMP transport protocol to send out a request for information, if the remote host network function is not a problem, it will be back to the information, and therefore learned that the host is functioning properly.
popd | POP from Directory | Delete records from the directory stack;
pushd | PUSH to Directory | is to add the directory to the command stack.
PS | Processes Status | Reports the status of the current system's processes. You can break and delete unnecessary programs with the KILL command at any time.
PWD | Print Working Directory | Displays the user's current working directory as an absolute path
rcconf | Run Command CONFiguration | The run-level service Configuration tool under Debian Linux to set the boot configuration for system services at a specific operating level.
RM | ReMove | You can delete one or more files or directories in a directory, or you can delete a directory and all of its subordinate files and subdirectories. For linked files, only the entire linked file is deleted, and the original file remains unchanged.
rmdir | ReMove DIRectory | Used to delete empty directories.
Rmmod | ReMove MODule | Used to remove the specified kernel module from the currently running kernel.
RPM | Rpm/redhat Package Manager | RPM software package management tools.
sed | Stream EDitor | A stream editor, which is a very useful tool in text processing and is perfect for use with regular expressions.
SSH | Secure SHell | The Client Connection tool in the OpenSSH suite provides a secure Telnet server to the SSH encryption protocol.
Su | Substitute User | "Alternate user", switch the current user identity to another user identity, the change must enter the user account and password to change.
sudo | SuperUser do | Used to execute commands in other identities, the default identity is root.
Sync | SYNChronize | Used to force the changed content to be written to disk immediately and update the block information.
Vim | VI Improved | is the most common full-screen plain text editor in Unix operating systems and UNIX-like operating systems. The VI editor in Linux is called Vim, which is the enhanced version of VI (VI improved), fully compatible with the VI editor, and implements a number of enhancements. (Note: God-like editor!!!) )
Yum | Yellow dog Updater, Modified | RPM-based package manager in Fedora and Redhat and SuSE

Note: The specific explanation of the command can refer to this website: [linux command Daquan] (Linux Command Encyclopedia (manual) _linux Common command-line instance detailed _linux Command learning manual)

# # 3. Programming related abbreviations

Abbreviations | Full name | Description
-| -| —
CC | C Compiler |
gcc | Gnu Compiler Collection | As a set of software you download and compile the installation
gcc | Gnu C Compiler | As a software you've been using to compile C programs.
g++ | Gnu C + + compiler | In fact, g++ just call GCC, then connect to C + + library, and make some corresponding compilation settings.
GCJ | Gnu Compiler for Java |
GDB | Gnu DeBug |

# # 4. Recursive abbreviations

Abbreviations | Full name | Description
-| -| —
GNU | Gnu is not Unix |
PHP | Php:hypertext Preprocessor |
RPM | RPM Package Manager |
WINE | WINE isn't an Emulator | Wine is a "compatibility layer" for running Microsoft Windows programs under UNIX-like systems. Windows programs running in wine, like running native Linux programs, do not have the same performance problems as emulators.
PNG | PNG ' s not GIF |
Nano | Nano ' s another editor |

# # 5. Other abbreviations

Abbreviations | Full name | Description
-| -| —
Tar | Tape Archive | "Tape Archive Volume"
Tcl | Tool Command Language | TCL (pronounced Tickle) is a scripting language.
TTY | Teletypewriter | "Telex typewriter", in Unix-like, keyboard display, are virtual teletypewriter
Tzselect | Time Zone SELECT |

Naming sources for Linux common commands