Python standard library Defaultdict module Usage Example

The Python standard library collections A number of extensions to the data structure of the collection type, which can be a lot of convenience when we use the collection, and it's good to see more.

Defaultdict is one of the ways to add a default type to the dictionary value element, but I've seen it before but didn't pay attention to how to use it, especially today.

First, the first example of a major article:

The code is as follows:

Import Collections as Coll

Def default_factory ():

Return ' default value '

D = coll.defaultdict (default_factory, foo= ' bar ')

print ' d: ', D

print ' foo=> ', d[' foo ']

print ' foo=> ', d[' bar ' #key为 ' bar ' element does not exist, there will be a default value

The output is like this:

The code is as follows:

D:defaultdict ( , {' foo ': ' Bar '})

Foo=> Bar

foo=> Default Value

Conclusion: Here you can see that when we take a key that is not in the dictionary, we automatically generate a value based on default_factory, similar to D.get (' bar ', ' default value ').

An example of contrast:

If the value of a map in a dictionary is a set, add two consecutive elements to the set, using the original Dict.

The code is as follows:

Dict_set1 = {}

#如果不知道这个字段中key有没有, you need to judge first.

If ' key ' not in Dict_set1:

dict_set1[' key '] = set ()

dict_set1[' key '].add (' 111 ')

dict_set1[' key '].add (' 000 ')

Print Dict_set1

If you use Defaultdict, that's it.

The code is as follows:

Dict_set = Coll.defaultdict (set)

dict_set[' key '].add (' 000 ')

dict_set[' key '].add (' 111 ')

Print Dict_set

The advantage is that there is no need to do the initialization of the set.

Two small cases of use

The code is as follows:

SS = ' 1111222233334444 '

Dict_int = coll.defaultdict (int)

For s in SS:

Dict_int[s] + + 1

Print Dict_int

'''''

This example of an official document can see the simplicity of this writing.

Https://docs.python.org/2/library/collections.html#collections.defaultdict

>>> s = [(' Yellow ', 1], (' Blue ', 2), (' Yellow ', 3), (' Blue ', 4), (' Red ', 1)]

>>> d = defaultdict (list)

>>> for K, V in S:

... d[k].append (v)

...

>>> D.items ()

[(' Blue ', [2, 4]), (' Red ', [1]), (' Yellow ', [1, 3])]

'''

This object works well when we do this data manipulation with statistical properties.