Python+selenium: Browser Webdriver Action (1)--Basic object positioning

1. Positioning of simple objects-----The core of automated testing

Object positioning should be the core of automated testing, to manipulate an object, you should first identify this object. An object is like a person, he will have a variety of characteristics (attributes), such as more than we can through a person's ID number, name, or he lives in which street, floor, number to find this person. Then an object has a similar property, and we can find this object through this property.

2.webdriver provides a series of object positioning methods, commonly used in the following several

• · Id
• · Name
• · Class name
• · Link text
• · Partial link text
• · Tag name
• · Xpath
• · CSS Selector

3. Take the attribute information of the Baidu input box as an example, you can capture the input box in a series of ways

#Coding=utf-8 fromSeleniumImportWebdriverImportTimebrowser=Webdriver. Firefox () Browser.get ("http://www.baidu.com") Time.sleep (2)######## #百度输入框的定位方式 ###########location by ID methodBROWSER.FIND_ELEMENT_BY_ID ("kw"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#Locate by name modeBrowser.find_element_by_name ("WD"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#location by tag name ModeBrowser.find_element_by_tag_name ("input"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#position by class nameBrowser.find_element_by_class_name ("S_ipt"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#Navigate by CSS modeBrowser.find_element_by_css_selector ("#kw"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#positioning by Xphan WayBrowser.find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@id = ' kw ')"). Send_keys ("Selenium")############################################browser.find_element_by_id ("su"). Click () time.sleep (3) Browser.quit ()

4. Introduce respectively

Baidu input Box properties such as (mouse in the input box---right-click---check)

(1) Id/name

From the Id,name property you can see, you can get it through a function:

id= "KW"

by find_element_by_id ("kw") function is to capture to the Baidu input box

Name= "WD"

Baidu input box can also be captured by Find_element_by_name ("WD") function

(2) class Name/tag name

You can see that there are not only id,name properties, but also Class (s_ipt), tag name (--input) Properties

Class= "S_ipt"

Capture the Baidu input box via the Find_element_by_class_name ("S_ipt") function.

<input>

Input is the name of the tag and can be located by the Find_element_by_tag_name ("input") function.

(3) Link text/partial link text

Sometimes not an input box is not a button, but a text link, we can

For example, Baidu homepage in the upper right corner of the bar link, you can get through the link method

Link text

by Find_element_by_link_test ("Paste"). Click () function to locate

Partial link text: Part of the location, only with the "paste" word, the same can find "paste" link

by Find_element_by_link_test ("Paste"). Click () function to locate

(4) XPath

XPath is a language that locates elements in an XML document. Because HTML can be seen as an implementation of XML, selenium users use this powerful language to locate elements in a Web application.

XPath extends the above ID and name positioning methods, providing a number of possibilities, such as the following applications:

Xpath:attributer (attribute) Driver.find_element_by_xpath ("//input[@id = ' kw ')"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#element of ID =kw under input tagxpath:idrelative (id dependency) Driver.find_element_by_xpath ("//div[@id = ' FM ']/form/span/input"). Send_keys ("Selenium")#The id=fm element with a div tag under the/form/span/input Level tabDriver.find_element_by_xpath ("//tr[@id = ' check ']/td[2]"). Click ()#tr with id ' check ', locate the 2nd TD in hisxpath:position (position) Driver.find_element_by_xpath ("//input"). Send_keys ("Selenium") Driver.find_element_by_xpath ("//tr[7]/td[2]"). Click ()#7th TR inside the 2nd TDXpath:href (horizontal reference) Driver.find_element_by_xpath ("//a[contains (text (), ' Web page ')]"). Click ()#under the A tag there is an element of text containing (contains) ' Web page 'Xpath:linkdriver.find_element_by_xpath ("//a[@href = ' http://www.baidu.com/')"). Click ()#there's a tag called a, he has a link href= ' http://www.baidu.com/element

(5) CSS

CSS (cascading Style Sheets) is a language that is used to describe the performance of HTML and XML documents. CSS uses selectors to bind properties to page elements. These selectors can be used by selenium as a different positioning strategy.

Flexible CSS allows you to select any property of the control

Take the id attribute:

such as attribute information: <input id= "kw" class= "S_ipt" type= "text" maxlength= "" "Name=" WD "autocomplete=" Off ">

Position by Find_element_by_css_selector ("#kw") function

Take the Name property:

such as attribute information: <a href= "http://news.baidu.com" name= "Tj_news" > News </a>

by Find_element_by_css_selector ("a[name=\" tj_news\ "]"). Click () function to locate

Take the Title property:

such as attribute information: <a onclick= "Querytab (this);" mon= "col=502&pn=0" title= "web" href= "http://www.baidu.com/" > Web </a >

by Find_element_by_css_selector ("a[title=\" Web\ "]"). Click () function to locate

Python+selenium: Browser webdriver Action (1)--basic object positioning