Simple and practical use of Linux commands

1.linux directory Structure

/etc: (ETCETERA): The directory where the system configuration file resides. It is not recommended to store executables under this directory. Important configuration files are, for example.

/usr: (Unix shared resourced) applications store directories,/usr/bin store applications,/usr/share store shared data,/usr/lib store cannot run directly, but are some library files necessary for many programs to run. /usr/local: Store the software upgrade package. /usr/share/doc: System description file storage directory. /usr/share/man: Program description file directory, when using man LS will query/usr/share/man/man1/ls1.gz.

/root: Home directory for system administrator root.

2. Disk Management common commands:

LS (list): List Directory contents

-A: Queries all files and folders, including hidden.

-L: Detailed list.

The parameters in the Liux command are generally unordered except for special cases.

-H: Friendly display.

Ls-l abbreviated to LL.

Specific details can be viewed using the man LS. You can use the Man command to view the commands in detail.

CD (change directory) feature: Switch directory

Syntax: cd "directory"

CD ~: Current User home Directory

CD/: Root directory

CD/directory Name: Any directory switch to the specified directory,/directory name the absolute path of Linux

CD-: The directory that was last accessed. You can only switch between two directories, which is equivalent to the back of the Windows system.

mkdir (Make Directoriy) feature: Create directory

Mkdir-p folder name

-P Parent Directory does not exist, Sir into the parent directory (parents)

Need to create a T2 directory under the/ROOT/T1 directory

Location:/root

Command: relative: mkdir t1/t2

Absolute: Mkdir/root/t1/t2

You need to create a T directory under the current file condition: both T3 and T4 do not exist.

Command:

Mkdir-p T3/T4

RmDir (remove directory) command:

3. File Browse command

The cat file name quickly views the current file contents. (Cat is a good place to view a small amount of information.)

More File Name page shows the contents of the files

Operation

Enter down n rows, which need to be defined, default to 1 rows.

Space bar scroll down one screen or ctrl+f

B return to previous screen or ctrl+b

Q Exit More

LESS-MN File Name page displays the contents of the files, labeling the line numbers of each line

Operation

Enter down n rows, which need to be defined, default to 1 rows.

Space bar scroll down one screen or ctrl+f

B return to previous screen or ctrl+b

Q Exit Less

Tail-A digital file name allows you to quickly see the contents of the X line after the file

For example: tail-10 the file name to view the contents of the X line.

4. File Operation commands

CP (copy)

Location where the CP needs to copy the copied files

Requirements: Copy the/root/demo1.java to the/ROOT/T1 directory

Location:/root

Command: CP demo1.java/root/t1

Cp/root/demo1.java/root/t1

Requirements: Copy the/root/demo1.java to the/ROOT/T1 directory and change the name to Ddd.java

Location:/root

Command: CP Demo1.java T1/ddd.java

Copy Directory

-R: Recursively handles all files in this directory and directory.

Cp-r the location of copied files

MV Command

MV (move) function: Moving or renaming an existing file or directory

Syntax: mu [source file or directory] [destination file or directory]

-F If the destination file or directory is duplicated with an existing file or directory, overwrite the existing file or directory directly

The location of the MV moved file movement

Rename Operation:

Requirement: Renaming 1.java to 2.java

MV 1.java 2.java

The name of the MV is dependent on a move, moved to the original directory, and renamed.

RM command

RM (remove) Feature: Delete files or directories

-F: Forcibly delete files or directories,-r: Recursive processing the files and subdirectories under the specified directory.

Delete file RM file name

Remove Directory RM-RF directory name

Note: RM-RF * Delete all content in the current directory

RM-RF/* Delete all contents of Linux system root directory

Find command: function to locate files or directories

Syntax: Find directory name-name ' string to find

* Denotes 0 ~ to more than one character

Requirements: Find all files or directories in the/root directory that begin with INS

Command: Find/root ' ins* '

Vim command

grep and piping

grep regular expression, string search work

Format: Grep-i search for a string of files that need to be searched

-I ignores case lookup data

Pipeline: | You can connect a lot of commands to it.

such as: LL | grep T finds but the current directory, all row data with the keyword T

Compress, unzip command "important"

Linux Compressed package: *.tar Packaging, size is not compressed.

*.tar.gz package, and compress the file size.

Simple and practical use of Linux commands