The directory structure of the second-linux system of Linux Learning

The directory structure of the second-linux system of Linux Learning

In the root directory of Linux, there are a lot of directories, but you need to remember that for Linux, everything is file. So the directory here is also a file. You can see the different directories under the root directory with LS/command.

1,/

root directory, where each file and directory starts from the root directory.

Only the root user has write permissions to the directory.

2,/bin

Binary User binary command file

Contains a binary executable file.

In single-user mode, common Linux commands that need to be used are located in this directory. The commands used by all users of the system are set here.

3./boot

The system boot loader file that contains the boot loader-related files.

The kernel initrd, vmlinux and other files are located under/boot.

4./dev

Device Equipment files

These include terminal equipment, USB or any device connected to the system.

5./etc

Configuration file. Contains the configuration files that are required for all programs.

It also contains startup and shutdown shell scripts for starting/stopping a single program.

6./Home

Home is the home directory for ordinary users.

7,/lib

Library software or command to run the required libraries files.

8,/lib64

64-bit library files required for the library software or command to run.

9,/lost+found

Disk or file system corruption, power loss, temporary file location

When the disk is checked, place the missing files in this.

10,/media

Removable media devices

A temporary directory that is used to mount removable devices.

11,/mnt

Mount Directory

Temporary mount point (Mount CD), the system administrator can mount the file system.

12,/opt-optional add-on app

Option stands for optional.

Contains additional applications for third parties.

Additional applications should be installed in subdirectories of/opt/or/opt/.

13,/proc

Directory of process processes, information about system processes (kernel process software)

14,/root

The home directory of the highest-privileged root user.

15,/sbin

Contains binary executable files

Super Binary command, only the root user can execute.

16,/selinux

SELinux (security-enhanced Linux) security Enhanced Linux is the United States National Security Agency (NSA) implementation of mandatory access control, is a security mechanism, is the most outstanding new security subsystem in the history of Linux. The NSA, with the help of the Linux community, has developed an access control system that, under the constraints of the access control system, can access only those files that are needed in his tasks. SELinux is installed on Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux By default and can also be used as an easy-to-install package on other distributions.

SELinux is a set of patches to the Linux core and provides a stronger, more secure, mandatory access control architecture to work with the core subsystems. Based on the principle of confidentiality and integrity, it provides a framework to enforce separation of information against intrusion threats or any application that attempts to bypass the security architecture. This limits the damage that malicious or poorly designed programs can cause. It contains a set of security principles to configure the profile template to match general security objectives.

For details, refer to:

Https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%BA%E5%BC%8FLinux

17,/srv

SRV Representative services

Database directories that can be accessed when the system starts service

Contains data related to server-specific services.

18,/sys

Driver files for the system

19,/tmp

Temporary system and user to create temporary file location, default 15 days unattended system automatically delete it

All users can create and delete files.

20./usr

Store user's data, programs

Source code that contains binaries, library files, documents, and level two programs.

21./var

Variable changeable file, variable file, content may grow file

such as System log files (/var/log), Package and database files (/var/lib), e-mail (/var/mail), print queue (/var/spool), lock file (/var/lock), multiple restarts of required temporary files (/var/tmp)

Attached: Linux directory Structure mind map

Source: Https://dn-anything-about-doc.qbox.me/linux_base/4-1.png/logoblackfont

The directory structure of the second-linux system of Linux Learning