The first day of Python learning-2018.5.30 is the computer

1. What is a computer

Computer (computer), commonly known as computers, is a modern computer for high-speed computing, can be calculated numerically, and can be logical calculation, but also has memory function. is able to operate according to the program, automatic, high-speed processing of massive data of modern intelligent electronic equipment.

A computer consisting of hardware systems and software systems that does not have any software installed is called bare metal.

Hardware system

Power: The heart of the computer, energy supply

Motherboard: Computer traffic hub, the interface of each hardware, each part through the motherboard for data transmission

CPU: The central processing Unit is a computer's computing core and control core. Its function is mainly to explain the computer instruction and processing the data in the computer software. The CPU consists of an operator, a controller, a register, a cache, and a bus that implements the data, control, and state of the connection between them. As the core of the whole system, the CPU is also the highest execution unit of the whole system, so the CPU has become the core part of determining the computer performance. At present, the mainstream model has reached 3GHZ.

Memory: Memory is also called internal memory or random memory (RAM), divided into DDR memory and SDRAM memory, (but SDRAM due to low capacity, slow storage speed, poor stability, has been DDR eliminated) memory is an electronic storage device, it is composed of circuit boards and chips, Characterized by small size, fast speed, there is electricity can be stored, no electricity emptying, that is, the computer in the state of memory can store data, shutdown will automatically empty all of the data. Memory has DDR, DDR II, DDR III three categories, capacity 1-64GB.

Hard disk: The hard disk belongs to the external memory, the mechanical hard disk is made of metal magnetic sheet, and the magnetic chip has memory function, so the data stored on the magnetic chip, no matter in the boot, or shutdown, will not be lost. The hard drive has a large capacity of up to terabytes. SSDs are also completely consistent with normal drives in product form and size, but SSDs are faster than mechanical hard drives. Mechanical hard disk read and write speed generally in 100MB, solid-state drive in 300 or more, generally 500MB.

Sound card: Converts a sound digital signal from your computer into an analog signal and sends a sound to the speaker.

Graphics card: The graphics card when working with the display output graphics, text, the role of the computer system needs to convert the display information to drive, and to provide the display line scan signal, control the correct display of the display, is connected to the display and the main components of the PC motherboard, is a "man-machine dialogue" one of the important equipment.

Network card: NIC is a network component that works on the data link layer, and is the interface of computer and transmission media in LAN.

Display: Output device

Keyboard and mouse: input device

Software system:

Systems software system software consists of a group of programs that control computer systems and manage their resources, including the ability to start computers, store, load, and execute applications, sort, retrieve, and translate program languages into machine languages.

The interface between the user and the computer, which provides the application software and the user with the means of controlling and accessing the hardware.

This is also the case with compiled systems and various tool software, which, on the other hand, assist users with computers

Operating system (Operating System,os): Operating system is to manage, control and supervise the computer software and hardware Resources coordinated operation of the program system, by a series of different control and management functions of the program, it is directly run on the computer hardware, the most basic system software, is the core of the system software .

Language Processing System (translator): The language used by people and computers to communicate information is called computer language or programming language. Computer language is usually divided into three categories: machine language, assembly language and high-level language. If you want to run a high-level language program on your computer, you must have a program language translator (the translation program for short). The translation program itself is a set of programs, and different high-level languages have corresponding translation procedures. High-level languages include C language, python,java,c++,c#,object-c

The first day of Python learning-2018.5.30 is the computer