The Linux file service Samba

1. Samba

Samba Services

Samba is a free software that implements the SMB protocol on Linux and UNIX systems, consisting of servers and client programs. SMB(Server Messages block, information service blocks) is aLANshared files and printers on aCommunication Protocols, it provides shared services for files and printers among different computers within the LAN. The SMB protocol is a client/server protocol that allows clients to access shared file systems, printers, and other resources on the server. By setting up "NetBIOS over TCP/IP", Samba will not only share resources with local network hosts, but also share resources with computers around the world.

Role: Shared directory (SMB protocol)

Software: Samba server, samba-client client

Configuration file:/etc/samba/smb.conf

Services: SMB, NMB

Ports: SMB---> 139/tcp, 445/TCP provides file sharing capabilities

NMB---> 137/udp, 138/udp provides a computer name to parse

Configuration file:/etc/samba/smb.conf

Global configuration

[Global]

Workgroup = MyGroup>>> set workgroup name

Server string = Samba Server version%v>>> Show Samba software release information

Interfaces = Lo eth0 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24>>>samba service listening IP address

The hosts allow = 127. 192.168.12.192.168.13. >>> set only which hosts are allowed to access

Hosts Deny = 192.168.12. 192.168.1.1/24>>> deny which hosts are accessible

Security = user>>> Authentication-based access

Share>>> Anonymous Access

Shared directory Configuration

[Share name]

Comment = >>> description Information

Path =/BJ>>> Specify directory Name

browseable = yes >>> downloadable files

writable = yes >>> can upload files

Public = yes >>> allow all users access

Write list = User1>>> allow only user1 to upload files

Example:

Environment Description:

Linux 192.168.122.105Centos 7.2 file Sharing Server

Windows/linux Client

Demand:

The local/caiwu directory is shared via the Samba software, and the client can access it via the Martin user, allowing it to download files only

1) Turn off SELinux, firewall

[Email protected] ~]# Setenforce 0

[Email protected] ~]# Getenforce

Permissive

[Email protected] ~]# Vim/etc/sysconfig/selinux

[Email protected] ~]# Systemctl stop Firewalld.service

[Email protected] ~]# systemctl disable Firewalld.service

2) Install the software

[email protected] ~]# Yum install-y Samba samba-client

3) Edit the configuration file, share the/caiwu directory

[Email protected] ~]# Mkdir/caiwu

[Email protected] ~]# Touch/caiwu/{1..5}.mp3

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/samba/smb.conf

[Caiwu]

Comment = It is a test

Path =/caiwu

browseable = yes

4) Create a shared user

[Email protected] ~]# Useradd Martin

[Email protected] ~]# smbpasswd-a Martin

New SMB Password:

Retype new SMB Password:

Added user Martin.

[[email protected] ~]# pdbedit-l>>> View shared users

MARTIN:1001:

[Email protected] ~]#

5) Start the service

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start SMB

[[email protected] ~]# Systemctl enable SMB

[Email protected] ~]# SS-ANTP | grep SMBD

LISTEN 0 *:139 *:* Users: (("SMBD", pid=2804,fd=38))

LISTEN 0 *:445 *:* Users: (("SMBD", pid=2804,fd=37))

LISTEN 0::: 139:::* Users: (("SMBD", pid=2804,fd=36))

LISTEN 0::: 445:::* Users: (("SMBD", pid=2804,fd=35))

6) Test Access

Windows client:

\\192.168.122.105

To cancel the sharing of a user's host directory

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/samba/smb.conf

#[homes]

# comment = Home directories

# browseable = No

# writable = yes

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart SMB

Linux client:

[email protected] ~]# Yum install-y samba-client

[Email protected] ~]# smbclient//192.168.122.105/caiwu-u Martin

Configuration allows Martin users to upload files

1) Edit the configuration file

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/samba/smb.conf

[Caiwu]

...

writable = yes

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart SMB

2) Set local permissions on the directory

[Email protected] ~]# setfacl-m u:martin:rwx/caiwu/

Example:

Share the local/shichang directory via Samba software, allowing Martin users to download files and allow admin users to upload files

1) Create a directory, create a shared user

[Email protected] ~]# Mkdir/shichang

[Email protected] ~]# touch/shichang/{1..5}.jpg

[Email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# Useradd admin

[[email protected] ~]# smbpasswd-a admin

New SMB Password:

Retype new SMB Password:

Added user admin.

[Email protected] ~]#

[Email protected] ~]# pdbedit-l

MARTIN:1001:

ADMIN:1002:

[Email protected] ~]#

2) Edit the configuration file

[Email protected] ~]# vim/etc/samba/smb.conf

[Shichang]

Path =/shichang

browseable = yes

Write list = admin

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart SMB

[Email protected] ~]# chown admin/shichang/

[Email protected] ~]# ls-ldh/shichang/

Drwxr-xr-x. 2 Admin Root 66 February 12:00/shichang/

[Email protected] ~]#

3) test access

Clear the shared cache for Windows

NET use */del

Windows Settings network mapped drive access share

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The Linux file service Samba