The major factors that cause the computer to crash

First, by fault type classification

(a) hardware

1.CPU

(1) The CPU internal level two cache partial damage, at this time the computer in the running process is prone to panic phenomenon or can only enter the Safe mode and cannot enter the normal mode. However, if your motherboard supports masking level two caching, we can sacrifice the computer speed to avoid replacing the CPU and turn off the CPU's level two cache in the BIOS setup.

(2) CPU damage

When the CPU is partially damaged, when the machine is power-up, the display image may appear, but it cannot be self-test or the system cannot be loaded. But most of the time we can't start a computer at all, so we can quickly draw conclusions using the exclusion method.

(3) Insufficient CPU power supply or poor quality of power supply

If the motherboard of the CPU around the filter capacitance bubble, leakage will cause the CPU power supply quality is poor, the ripple system is large, and the system often crashes in the process of operation; Another situation is that the host switch power supply is insufficient, especially the 12V for the CPU power of the one-way voltage filtering or low current (especially for the PIV motherboard using the PIII power supply, there is no CPU power on the main board to provide auxiliary power supply interface, although it can normally start the computer into the desktop to operate. ), it also occurs when the host crashes during operation. Of course, the CPU socket and CPU contact is not good, also will not start or panic situation, but we unplug a few times after the CPU can be ruled out.

2. Memory

(1) In the same machine using two or more than two different brands of different performance of the memory bar

When we use more than two memory on a computer, if the two memory chips are not the same brand, or the memory chip is not the same manufacturer, because of the memory bar refresh speed or the cause of the operating frequency, the system may be unstable or panic, especially when we set the frequency of memory too high, Can lead to system instability. Therefore, in order to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the computer, we'd better use the same batch of same model memory.

(2) Poor performance of memory bar, product quality is not stable

For some of the no-brand note, because of production costs and sales price limits, such factory procurement of memory chips are generally BC-class chip, so its memory bar stability and reliability of a few, in the running of large game programs or long-running process is prone to the freezing phenomenon. The exclusion method is also used to exclude, but sometimes because the motherboard memory chip power supply, it may be in some of the board on some of the freezing phenomenon, and on other motherboards but long-running normal, more difficult to solve.

(3) memory using overclocking performance or acceleration function

Some motherboard manufacturers in order to meet the needs of DIY master, in the motherboard BIOS settings for the CPU internal frequency FSB and memory bar frequency and the frequency of PCI and other related devices set a manual option, can be used for overclocking. When using overclocking performance, for some low-end memory chips will appear to work unstable phenomenon caused by the system crashes, in order to ensure the stability of the system reliability, we generally do not use overclocking or acceleration function, so as not to affect the normal life of the machine.

Another possibility is that we set the operating parameters of the wrong memory bar in the BIOS, and we need to specify that the "by SPD" is used to work on the memory bar parameters stored in the SPD chip above the memory bar.

3. Graphics card

(1) The thermal fan of the video card is damaged or the heatsink is loose, causing the video card to overheat and panic

Graphics card as a text and image of the important processing mechanism, its stability and reliability directly related to the performance of the computer. In the actual application, often because the graphics card image processing chip used by the heat sink is too small or because of the long-time use of deformation loose, there is a cooling fan after the failure to stop working, which will cause the graphics card processing chip overheating and the appearance of a flower screen or freezing phenomenon. After unpacking the chassis, we can observe if the video card's cooling fan is turning or if the speed is normal, or if it is overheating by wiping the radiator surface directly with the PAT (beware of scalding). In practical applications, even the three hundred or four hundred-yuan graphics card used on the fan is not used for six months or so, performance will be significantly reduced, noise increase or speed down, or even stop turning. Individual graphics card even when the factory cooling fan of the power plug is inserted backwards, the video card fan does not work (of course, this will not cause any damage, just need to plug in turn, but people can not understand how the video card is the QC inspection?).

There is a part of the passive cooling device after a long period of use, the dust on the top of the heat sink is too thick, will also cause poor heat, causing the graphics card chip overheating and freezing. In this case, we need to carefully dust the video card.

(2) Bad graphics performance

This is a video card has a performance failure, but the fault is relatively covert, not very intuitive, it takes a long time to observe or test to discover.

(3) Driver installation error or version incompatible with the video card the failure in the actual computer crash repair should account for about 10%. Because the installed personnel of the model is not familiar with the wrong graphics card driver, or the XP system self-confessed graphics driver, and then the video card itself with the driver CD itself there is a bug, the use will appear in the crash, drop drive and other failures (such as xiaoying pa 6817R graphics card, using driver CD-ROM driver will often appear in the crash, Off the drive, flower screen phenomenon, but replaced by the public version of the driver will be no problem. )。

There is a similar situation when we install DirectX 9.0 in the WIN98 system.

(4) The motherboard's AGP slot is low on power supply or the host

If we look closely, we find that the different motherboards have different power supply modes for their AGP slots, and they use different power supply adjustment tubes, which can cause power problems. If we use the AGP graphics card power consumption is larger, while the video card itself does not expand the power interface, or the host switch supply power over the hour, it will often appear the system into the desktop operation is normal, typing typesetting is not a problem, but in the running of large-scale 3d,2d game prone to the freezing phenomenon, It may also fail to restart at the same time, and it must be shut down for a few minutes before restarting. This type of fault is due to overheating of the supply pipe in the typical AGP slot. It should be noted here, for the video card itself has a power expansion interface, we must use, because this kind of graphics card consumes very large, heat is also large, also need to pay attention to thermal problems, adjacent PCI slots are best vacant.

However, some motherboards can be directly in the BIOS of the AGP slot output voltage adjustment, every 0.1V, when the video card screen, the crash, we can also try to adjust the high AGP output voltage 0.1V, see if the situation has changed.

(5) The card is not in contact with the motherboard's AGP slot or there is too much dust on the AGP slot

Because of the chassis, in the actual fault repair will often appear in the beginning of the use of new machines in the early days of the crash or flower screen, drop drive failure, at this time because the production of the machine phase is not standardized, resulting in the installation of the graphics card is not in place, the card's gold finger and AGP slot is not completely reliable contact caused.

Host operating environment is poor, because too much dust, it will also lead to bad graphics card contact and the phenomenon of freezing.