Ubuntu/Linux tips (shell shortcut)

Collect common skills and notes.
Occasionally updated.

1. Shortcut Keys

Terminal shortcut:

CTRL + C: Stop Ctrl + Z: switch to the background Ctrl + D: cancel the current session Ctrl + W: Delete the command parameter Ctrl + u before the cursor: delete all characters before the cursor Ctrl + K: delete all characters after the cursor Ctrl + A: move the cursor to the beginning Ctrl + E: move the cursor to the end Ctrl + L: clear screen Ctrl + R: search history command

2. File Management

File Search:

$ Find. -Name "*. PY [CO] "# search by wildcard $ find. -iregex '. */index. * '# use a regular expression to search (including full Path Matching and case-sensitive RegEx) $ find. -type D # search directory type (Type F, d ...) $ find. -Type F-exec LS-l {}/; # Find and directly execute the command $ find. -Type F-Perm + 0100 | xargs LS-L # search for common files with execution permissions $ find. -Name "*. PY "| xargs grep-N main # search by content $ find. -Name "*. PY [CO] "| xargs Rm-RF # Delete $ find in batches. -Type F-size + 10 k | xargs LS-lH # files larger than 10 KB (unit: K, M, G, T, P ). $ Find. -Type F-mtime-2D | xargs LS-L # The modified file (unit: S, M, H, D, W) in the last two days. + 2d is not modified.

View n lines at the beginning/end of a file:

$ head -n 5 test.txt$ tail -n 5 test.txt

Display/display file content by page:

$ cat test.txt$ less test.txt

Refresh File Content Changes in real time (suitable for monitoring Log File changes and useful for debugging ):

$ tail -f test.txt$ less +F test.txt

View File Types:

$ file test.txt

3. System Management

The program runs in the background and does not close with the terminal session: nohup

$ nohup cat a.txt &$ nohup cat a.txt >/dev/null 2>&1 &

Terminate a process: Kill killall

$ kill 1267 1268 1269$ kill -INT 1267$ killall python$ killall -INT python

4. Network Management

Show Network Status: netstat

$ Netstat-LP # display listener $ netstat-LPN # display listener port $ netstat-T # display current connection

Dynamic viewing of website routes: MTR

$ mtr www.rainsts.net

DNS query: Dig

$ dig www.rainsts.net

IP Address Configuration: ifconfig

$ ifconfig$ ip a

Simple TCP listener and connection test tool (data can be sent in two directions): NC

$ Nc-l 8000 # listener $ NC localhost 8000 # Client

5. System Security

6. Compressed backup

Compressed/compressed: Tar

$ Tar CZF test.tar.gz./test $ tar CZF test.tar.gz a.txt B .txt c.txt # compress multiple paths $ tar TF test.tar.gz # view compressed Package content $ tar xf test.tar.gz-C ~ /Test # decompress the package to the specified directory

7. System Help

System Manual: Man

$ Man-K printf # Fuzzy search $ man-F printf # exact search

8. Related Software

Putty:

CTRL + S: block console output (for example, enter some sensitive information) Ctrl + Q: Restore console output