lstm Neural network in simple and lucid
Published in 2015-06-05 20:57| 10,188 Times Read | SOURCE http://blog.terminal.com| 2 Reviews | Author Zachary Chase Lipton lstm Recurrent neural network RNN long-term memory
Summary:The LSTM network has proven to be more effective t
al (Eds), Advances in Neural information processing Systems (NIPS 2006), MIT Press, 2007The following main principles are found in these three papers:Unsupervised learning expressed is used for (pre) training each layer;A level of unsupervised training at a time, followed by the level of the previous training. The expression learned at each level as input to the next layer;Use unsupervised training to adjust all layers (plus one or more additional la
TravelseaLinks: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/22045213Source: KnowCopyright belongs to the author. Commercial reprint please contact the author for authorization, non-commercial reprint please specify the source.In recent years, the Deep convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) has been significantly improved in image classification and recognition. Looking back from 2
handwritten fonts. Detailed code Download: http://www.demodashi.com/demo/13010.html Introduction of basic knowledgeNeural network basic knowledge of the introduction part contains a lot of formulas and graphs, using the Web site of the online editor, implementation is inadequate. I wrote a 13-page Word document, put in the understanding of the pressure pack, everyone download to see, I recorded a video, we can roughly browse a bit.Two, Python code im
Neural networks have many advantages over the traditional methods of classification tasks. Application: A series of WORKS2 managed to obtain improved syntactic parsing results by simply replacing the linear model of a parse R with a fully connected Feed-forward network. Straight-forward applications of a Feed-forward network as a classifier replacement (usually
isThe output at t time is not only dependent on the memory of the past, but also on what will happen later.
Deep (bidirectional) Recurrent Neural Network
Deep recurrent neural networks are similar to bidirectional recurrent neural networks,There are multiple layers in each duration.
Deep cyclic
the field of calculus, the derivative of e^x is still e^x, and its derivative happens to be itself, a coincidence that is unique within the real range.A number of different titles:
The graphs of e^x and e^-x are symmetrical, and ln (x) is the inverse function of e^x, which is symmetric 45 degrees.
Neural network
Well, the front took a lot of space to introduce the activation function in the hidden mystery
Based on the traditional polynomial regression, neural network is inspired by the "activation" phenomenon of the biological neural network, and the machine learning model is built up by the activation function.In the field of image processing, because of the large amount of data, the problem is that the number of
, such as the number of hidden nodes, whether the step is fixed, and not discussed here.Prospect:There have been more researches on neural networks, and many new extension algorithms have been produced, such as convolutional neural networks, deep neural networks, and impulsive neur
in each layer are connected only to the next layer of nodesLearning rules: The steepest descent BP methodThe idea of multilayer neural networks is very early, but there is no suitable learning algorithmThe algorithm of error reverse propagation is used to ripen artificial neural networkBasic idea: The learning process consists of two processes, the forward propagation of signals and the reverse propagation
Overview
This is the last article in a series on machine learning to predict the average temperature, and as a last article, I will use Google's Open source machine learning Framework TensorFlow to build a neural network regression. About the introduction of TensorFlow, installation, Introduction, please Google, here is not to tell.
This article I mainly explain several points: Understanding artificial
subject to efficient hardware implementations on chip or field programmable gate arrays. Many companies such as Nvidia,mobileye, Intel, Qualcomm and Samsung are developing convnet chips to implement real-time visual applications on smartphones, cameras, robots and self-driving cars. distributed representation and language processing
Depth learning theory shows that deep networks have two different exponential advantages over classical algorithms that
)}} {\partial h^{(t)}} \frac{\partial h^{(t)}}{\partial U} = \sum\limits_{t=1}^{\tau}diag (n (h^{(t)}) ^2) \delta^{(t)} (x^{ (t)}) ^t$$In addition to the gradient expression, RNN's inverse propagation algorithm and DNN are not very different, so here is no longer repeated summary.5. RNN SummaryThe general RNN model and forward backward propagation algorithm are summarized. Of course, some of the RNN models will be somewhat different, the natural forward-to-back propagation of the formula will be
number of hidden layers, the construction method as described above, the training according to the actual situation of the selection of activation function, forward propagation to obtain cost function and then use the BP algorithm, reverse propagation, gradient decline to reduce the loss value.
Deep neural networks with multiple hidden layers are better able to solve some problems. For example, using a neural
0 Preface
Neural network in my impression has been relatively mysterious, just recently learned the neural network, especially the BP neural network has a more in-depth understanding, therefore, summed up the following experience
bp neural network in BP for back propagation shorthand, the earliest it was by Rumelhart, McCelland and other scientists in 1986, Rumelhart and in nature published a very famous article "Learning R Epresentations by back-propagating errors ". With the migration of the Times, the theory of BP neural
kernel and step operation, There may be the wrong dimension (analogy 2x3 matrix can not be multiplied by the 2x4 matrix, you need to replace the 2x4 matrix into a 3x4 matrix, here is the matrix of the 2x4 to add a row of 0 elements, so that it becomes the matrix of 3x4), the default is 0, preferably set to (kW-1)/ 2, which is the width of the convolution core 1 and then divided by 2. The padh default is PADW, preferably set to (kH-1)/2, which is the high-1 convolution core and then divided by 2
France, ..., I can speak French", to predict the end of "French", we need to use the context "France". In theory, recursive neural networks can deal with such problems, but in fact, conventional recurrent neural networks do not solve long-time dependencies well, and good LSTMS can solve this problem well.
LSTM Neural
network? We look at the structure comparison shown, from which we can see that the hidden layer of the two (hidden layer) is different, that is, the excitation function of the RBF neural network or the mapping is the radial basis function (distance + Gauss), and the output layer is the same, is the characteristic of the transformation of the linear fusion.This g
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