Routers are often used to build wide-area networks, and the footprints of WAN links are very different from those on Ethernet. Common WAN packages are HDLC, PPP, Frame-relay, etc., and this chapter describes HDLC and PPP. PPP, in contrast, has more functions than HDLC.1.1.1 HDLC IntroductionHDLC is a frame-wrapping format on a point-to-page serial line with a very different frame format from the Ethernet frame format, and HDLC has no source Mac and destination MAC addresses. Cisco has privatized
packet to another node on the network to check the accessibility and network connectivity of the host. Ping the basic connectivity of the network. send echo request, diagnose basic network connectivity Ppp start IETF Point-to-Point Protocol Ppp authentication Start Challenge Handshake authentication Protocol (CHAP) or password authentication protocol (PAP) or both start, in addition, it specifies the CHAP and PAP
system is a one-time password generation scheme based on MD4 and MD5. He can perform comprehensive verification on the identity and device of the visitor. The S/Key protocol is based on the Client/Server mode. The client can be any device, such as a normal PC or mobile phone with mobile commerce functions. The servers generally run Unix systems.
2. ppp authentication protocols include pap chap eap
The pap
the host and network connectivity to diagnose the basic connectivity of the networkPing sends echo requests to diagnose basic network connectivityPPP begins IETF point-to-dot protocolPPP authentication initiates the Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) or Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) or both, and specifies the sequence of CHAP and PAP validations selected on the interfacePPP chap ho
, only authentication protocols are selected, and user authentication will be implemented in phase 1. Similarly, in the LCP phase, it will also determine whether the two sides of the link peer need to negotiate on the use of data compression or encryption. The actual selection of data compression/encryption algorithms and other details will be achieved in Stage 1.
Phase 2: user verification
In stage 1, the customer sends the user's identity to the remote access server. This phase uses a securit
determine whether the two sides of the link peer need to negotiate on the use of data compression or encryption. The actual selection of data compression/encryption algorithms and other details will be achieved in stage 4th 。
Phase 2: user verification
In stage 2nd, the client sends the user's identity to the remote access server. In this phase, a security authentication method is used to prevent a third party from stealing data or impersonating a remote client to take over the connection with
, it will also determine whether the two sides of the link peer need to negotiate on the use of data compression or encryption. The actual selection of data compression/encryption algorithms and other details will be achieved in Stage 1.
Phase 2: user verification
In stage 1, the customer sends the user's identity to the remote access server. This phase uses a security authentication method to prevent a third party from stealing data or impersonating a remote client to take over the connection w
this stage, the client sends its identity to the remote access server. This phase uses a security authentication method to prevent a third party from stealing data or impersonating a remote client to take over the connection with the client. Before the authentication is completed, it is prohibited to move from the authentication phase to the network layer protocol phase. If the authentication fails, the authenticator should jump to the end of the link.
In this phase, only the Link Control Proto
LCP phase also determines whether the link peers will negotiate with data compression or encryption. The actual choice of data compression/encryption algorithms and other details will be implemented in phase 4th.
Phase 2: User authentication
In phase 2nd, the customer will be given the user's identity to the remote access server. This phase uses a security authentication method to prevent a third party from stealing data or impersonating a remote client to take over a connection to the client
packets to another node on the network to check the accessibility of the host and the connectivity of the network to diagnose the basic connectivity of the network
Ping sends echo requests to diagnose basic network connectivity
PPP starts IETF Point-to-Point protocol
PPP Authentication initiates Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) or Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) or both, and sets the order of CHAP and
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router configuration mode, enable enhanced IGRP on the networkNetwork specifies a CIDR Block directly connected to the vro.Network-number specifies a directly connected NetworkNo shutdown open a closed Interface
Iii. Start with Cisco router command P:Pad starts an X.29 PAD connectionPermit is used to set conditions for a named ip acl.Ping sends ICMP response data packets to another node on the network to check the accessibility and network connectivity of the host to diagnose the basic connecti
security authentication method to prevent a third party from stealing data or impersonating a remote client to take over the connection with the client. Before the authentication is completed, it is prohibited to move from the authentication phase to the network layer protocol phase. If the authentication fails, the authenticator should jump to the end of the link.
In this phase, only the Link Control Protocol, authentication protocol, and packets of The Link Quality Monitoring Protocol are all
, you need to provide the IP address range for the system to assign. This range depends on the number of computers in the LAN.
3. Determine the protocol type used to connect to the Internet. If you have installed an ADSL or cable modem, the available protocols include PPPoE, PPP, and DHCP. Different network service providers may use different protocols. If you are using a ddnleased line, select a fixed IP address. If you use a common Modem for dial-up Internet access, use the PPP protocol. If yo
; NBSP;PPP is divided into two parts: Link Control Protocol LCP (linkcontrolprotocol Responsible for the establishment, control and maintenance of the L1 physical layer; Network Control protocol NCP (networkcontrolprotocol=IPCP+CDPCP " is responsible for L3 network layer down provides an undifferentiated interface (*CP "), so it can also be said that PPP is Two-layer semi-protocol which is a L3 protocol with some L2 functions; LCP contains 4 large network modules: authentication (aut
.
It is too troublesome to find another account or use a virtual machine and install ROS to change the TTL. Or use two accounts.
How can I obtain the account and password used by others to access the Internet? If you are familiar with PPPOE, you know that the PPP protocol has an authentication process. There are multiple authentication methods, the most common of which is PAP and CHAP. PAP Simple Password A
level, the range is 0-15, can be set in the NAS client, the default value is:TAC PLUS PRIV LVL max=oxof (highest level)Tac_plus_priv_lvl_root=oxof (ROOT User level)TAC PLUS PRIV LVL user=ox01 (normal user level)TAC PLUS PRIV LVL min=ox00 (lowest level)3) Authen_type: Authentication type, the legal value is:Tac_plus_authen_type_ascii = Ox01 (ASCII value)TAC_PLUS_AUTHEN_TYPE_PAP = Ox02 (PAP injury ix)Tac_plus_authen_type_chap = Ox03 (CHAP Association I
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