Common shortcut keys for Linux system operations

1. log on to the Virtual Console and press the "Alt + F2" key to see the "login:" prompt. this is the second Virtual Console. Generally, the newly installed Linux has four virtual consoles, which can be accessed from "Alt + F1" to "Alt + F4. The most useful time of the Virtual Console is that it can be switched when a program fails to lock the input.

1. use the Virtual Console
After logging on, press the "Alt + F2" key to see the "login:" prompt, which is the second Virtual Console. Generally, the newly installed Linux has four virtual consoles, which can be accessed from "Alt + F1" to "Alt + F4. The most useful time in the Virtual Console is that when a program fails to lock the input, you can switch to another Virtual Console. log on to the console and run the kill command to kill the faulty process.

2. copy and paste
After the character interface (Slackware or RedHat) is installed, a program named gpm is automatically run at each startup. after the program runs, you can copy and paste it with your mouse. The specific method is to press and hold the left mouse button to drag the text to be copied to the white, then the white area has been copied, right-click the copied content and paste it at the cursor position.
In X-Window, the copy operation is the same as in the character interface. if you use a three-key mouse, press and paste it. if it is a two-key mouse, press the left and right keys at the same time (the condition is that Emulate 3 Button must be selected in the mouse setting when XF86 is configured ).

3. quick access to some directories
Type cd ~ You can access your home directory. Type cd-to enter the previous directory.

4. display the color directory list under RedHat
Open/etc/bashrc and add the following line:
Alias ls = "ls -- color ″
When bash is started next time, the colored directory list will be displayed as in Slackware. the meanings of different colors are as follows:
Blue → Directory
Green → executable files
Red → compressed file
Light blue → link file
Gray → other files

5. command file path
When you type some commands (such as find, shutdown, mount, and startx), do you want to know which Directory the files are stored in? You can use the command "whereis", for example:
# Whereis startx

6. search for files
The find command must add some parameters to check the file, for example:
# Find/usr-name XF86Setup-print
Find the XF86Setup file in/usr.

7. delete useless core files
After the program is run, a file named core is sometimes generated, which is usually large and useless and can be deleted to release space.

8. Norton Commander in Linux
After you type the command mc at the prompt, you will see a very similar interface with Norton Commander. In fact, the functions are very similar or even more powerful, for example, you can directly operate the files in the .tar.gz package (a bit like ZipMagic ).

9. run the X-Window program in the background
When executing an X-Window program, do not forget to add an & sign (for example, # netscape &) next to it. otherwise, you cannot enter commands in the terminal window before exiting the program.

10. force exit X-Window
Sometimes in X-Window, the mouse and keyboard do not work due to a program error. in this case, don't worry, because in Linux, it is almost not as vicious as in Win 9x, you only need to press Ctrl + Alt + BackSpace to return to the character interface.