Full introduction to Oracle database backup and recovery

Oracle databases have three standard backup methods: Export/Import (EXP/IMP), hot backup, and cold backup. Exporting spare parts is a logical backup, while cold backup and hot backup are physical backup.

1. Export/Import (Export/Import)

The Export can be used to extract data from the database, and the Import can be used to send the extracted data back to the Oracle database.

1. Simple Export of data (Export) and Import data (Import ):

Oracle supports three types of output:

(1) Export the data of the specified table in the T mode.

(2) user mode (U mode), which exports all objects and data of the specified user.

(3) Full database mode (Full mode). All objects in the databases are exported.

The data Import process is the inverse process of data Export (Export). The data files are imported into the database and the database data is exported to the data file respectively.

2. incremental export/import:

Incremental export is a common data backup method. It can only be implemented for the entire database and must be exported as a SYSTEM. During this export, the system does not require any answers. The default export file name is export. dmp. If you do not want your output file to be named export. dmp, you must specify the file name to use in the command line.

Incremental export includes three types:

(1) Complete incremental Export (complete) backs up three databases, for example, exp system/manager inctype = Complete file = 040731.dmp.

(2) incremental export the data changed after the last backup, for example, exp system/manager inctype = incremental file = 040731.dmp.

(3) "accumulative" incremental export the accumulative export mode is to export the changed information in the database since the last "complete" export. For example, exp system/manager inctype = cumulative file = 040731.dmp.

The database administrator can schedule a backup schedule and export data in three different ways.

For example, you can make the following arrangements for database blocking tasks:

Monday: Full backup (A) Tuesday: Incremental Export (B) Wednesday: Incremental Export (C)

Thursday: Incremental Export (D) Friday: accumulative Export (E) Saturday: Incremental Export (F)

Sunday: Incremental Export (G ).

If the database is accidentally damaged on Sunday, the database administrator can follow these steps to reply to the database:

Step 1: Use the create database Command to regenerate the DATABASE structure;

Step 2: create a large enough additional rollback;

Step 3: import A: imp system/manager inctype = restore full = y FILE =

Step 4: Accumulative incremental import E: imp system/manager inctype = restore full = y file = E

Step 5: import the latest incremental F: imp system/manager inctype = restore full = y file = F

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