English has a high degree of logic and consolidation of the grammar, is recognized as the world's international communication language.
many words in English are derived words (the structure can usually be summed up as: prefix + root + suffix).
commonly used stems about 400 (the daily term 90 is enough), commonly used prefixes about 30, commonly used suffixes about 30, so as long as you remember them and combine, 3000 vocabulary is mastered.
(1), Root:
The word is summed up according to the root, to learn a 10 effect. A word memory method that is respected by Western scholars and is quite traditional.
1. Root: The most fundamental part of the word, representing its most basic meaning. is a simple letter combination of the early days of English origin used to express specific things. Ex: Root Act (do, Act), derived from the Latin actus.
2. There are many changes in each language in the development process, as well as the principle of variation in the roots:
1) A root can have a lot of small changes, together to express the same meaning. Ex:acid (sour, sharp), can be mutated into ACER,ACRI.
2) completely different multiple roots express the same meaning. Ex:acid,bitter,sour,sharp, these four stems are completely different etymology, can be expressed as "sour, bitter."
3) A root has the original meaning also has the extension meaning (Initiation, association). Ex:hum, original meaning: Earth, extension of righteousness: human (in the Christian Bible, the human ancestor Adam and Eve is God with Earth).
root meaning root meaning
Act, Act, log speech, Word
Acid , Magn, very big.
AG move, do, handle minu hand
Agri field, Farmland Mar sea, water
Ali, the other medi the middle.
ann Year mem memory, memorial
AUD Listen Mini small
Auto automatically, itself migra migration, Flow
Bio life, bio-new
ced concession, OK, walk number Numer
Cide, Cise kill, cut off Oper work, Operation
claim shouted, declaring that PEL was pushing, driving
Clar Clear, understand Pend hangs, hangs, pending
clud off Phil Love
Cog knows, know Phon sound, sound
Corp body, entity, agency photo Light
crea creating pict paintings
cred believe that trust popul people, people
Cruc Cross Port Transport, take, take
Cycl Ring, Circle, wheel pos placement, location
dem People press pressing, pressing
DiC says that the words pur clear, pure, net
Duc Guide, lure rect upright
FAC, fact do, make Rupt break
fer, take Sal Salt .
fin ends, the final sat is enough
Flect Curved SCI Knowledge
geo-scope observation, see
Grad step, go, Level scrib, scrip write
graph writing, painting, recorder sect cutting
Grat makes a person happy sens feeling
Grav A heavy spect look
Helio Sun Sphere Ball, Sphere
Hemo Blood Spir breathing
Hibit hold, take stereo solid, three-dimensional
Hum Earth, human tend stretch, expand, tighten
Hydr Water Ten makes a combination,
Hold, hold , pay attention to
HYPN Sleep, hypnosis tract drag, pull, pump
Idio Special, proprietary uni One, single, unified
ject throw, lie down vers turn
lect, vest dressing, clothes
Leg Law Vict, vinc Conquest
liber free Vis, vid look
liter text, letters Viv Live, live
Loc Local VOC sound, calling
(2), prefix
added in front of the root, has a certain meaning. Its role is: the root of the restriction, negation, strengthening, does not change the attributes of the root. Ex: Prefix anti against/against + root body n. body/body → word antibody n. Antibodies.
Note: Meaning or spelling changes occur before the prefix is added to a particular part of speech or a root of a certain letter. Ex:
spelling Change: Anti Opposition/confrontation if a root is added to the beginning of the vowel, a form change occurs: Anti + Acid→antacid,anti becomes ant before the vowel letter.
meaning change: de + fend (self-care) →defend (protection), de in v. before the contrary, negative meaning.
30 Common prefixes:
1) ab-deviation, prolapse. For words beginning with C, Q, T, to abs-(abstract abstraction), and before words starting with M, p, V, to a-(avert avoidance)
2) ad-(moving) direction, change, add, nearby. It is used directly before words beginning with vowels and D, H, J, M, V, and if used for words beginning with other letters, there is assimilation (accent, accent accent).
3) before ante-, before (before in time or place before antecedent first).
4) anti-objection, non-resistance. Used to ant-(antacid and acid) before a root that begins with a vowel letter and H.
5) be-Extreme, thorough, in ... Around. Used before O, does not change the basic meaning of the verb, only to strengthen the role of semantics, such as besmer (smear) used in the locality, expressed in ... Around, for example below in ... Below.
6) bi-Two, two, double. Used to become bin-(binocular telescope) before words beginning with the vowel o.
7) circum-Surround, in ... Around. Used to change to a circu-, such as a circuit (circular), before a word or root that begins with I.
8) con-and, total, full. Used for words beginning with vowels and h, g, N, to become co-, B, M, p before, to com-, R, l to cor-, col-.
9) de-down and away. Used for partial V. and Part N. Before, the table "corresponding, negative" meaning, such as defend (protection); Used to strengthen the tone function, such as demonstrate (argumentation, explanation).
dis-negation, separation, on the contrary. In n-can constitute v. synonymous with the prefix "un", but more strongly in tone.
One ) en-make, make into. Before B, p, m, Ph becomes em-; before adj, it can be used before n, but the meaning is unchanged.
ex-outward, exceeding, originating. It becomes ef-before F; E in L, M, J; used for N, l, S, C, z before it can become ec-.
fore-the previous, front part. In front with pre-is synonymous prefix.
il,ir-No, no, no. Il is used for L before ir-is used for R.
im-,in-in ... In the direction of a. Within In is used before N, V, and im for B, m, p.
in-No, no, no. Used for adj, n. The negative meaning of the preceding table, for words beginning with N to become ig-; b, M, p before is im-.
inter-each other, in ... (between).
intro-Enter, inward, within.
mal-bad, evil, bad, illegal.
mis-Bad, evil, wrong, No. Used for N.V. And before the present participle of adj.
) mon-one, single. Used for words that begin with a consonant letter and become mono-.
non-non-, no, No.
per-complete, very, perfect, passed.
post-in ... After that, then ... Of
pre-in front, before, in advance.
pro-forward, outward, prominent. Sometimes the meaning of "aye" is included.
re-again, back, back.
sab-in the following, branching, secondary. Before the C, F, p letters, divided into suc-, suf-, sup-, sus-.
super-over, in ... Above, there are variants sur-, meaning the same.
sur-, Super, too. There are variant super-.
(3), suffix
Added behind the root. In contrast to prefixes, suffixes change the attributes of a root (without changing its meaning). such as able after v.n, become adj. Ex:pass v. +-able→passable adj.
Note: The suffix is added to a specific part of speech or the root of a certain letter before the beginning of the same meaning or spelling changes. Ex:horrible forcible able becomes-ible after the end of the stem in R, C, D.
30 Common suffixes:
1) –able can ... , Suitable for ... , easy to ... of the
2) –age sum, status, state, behavior
3) –al has ... Characteristic of (something), ... The action or process of
4) –dr do ... The person (apparatus), the action person, (sometimes into-or)
5) –ory and ... relating to (a person or thing), having ... A. Of the nature of ... The Residence
6) –ate (make) become, produce, form
7) –cian a person with a certain skill and skill, an expert
8) –ling very small (of people or things), less
9) –ee the affected person
10) – En to become, by ... Made
11) –ful full of ... , there are ... Characteristics of
12) –fy ... To make a ...
13) –ic like ... , having ... Nature of
14) –ile and ... to be concerned with; of the
15) –ine has ... Characteristics of
16) –ish a bit ... , there are ... Characteristics of
17) –ish, make
18) –ism doctrine
19) –ist ... Professionals... The ... of people
20) –ity status, characteristics, degree
21) –ive and ... To be concerned with ... Nature (effect) of
22) –ize ... The way to handle (treat), so as to become
23) –less No, no, no
24) –ly in ... State, like ...
25) –ment behavior, product
26) –ness ... The State
27) –ology doctrine, theory, science
28) –ous full, have ... A characteristic, like ... of the
29) –ship status, status, quality, relationship
30) –y has ... Inclined to have ... , too ...
90 common roots, 30 prefixes 30 suffixes