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Vowel Letters A or a + other letters
Letter or letter Combination |
Syllable Type or the position in the word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
A |
Stress the opening syllable |
[EI] |
Name, face, take, cake, radio, space |
A |
Stressed closed syllables |
A |
Hand, stand, maths, happy |
A |
After the W or wh |
R |
What, watch, wash |
[R:] |
Water |
Ai ay |
In the stressed syllable |
[EI] |
Wait, train, fail, Rain,say, way, May, today |
Al |
In front of most consonant letters |
[R:] |
Ball, wall, small, talk |
[R:l] |
Also, always |
Before F, M |
[A:] |
Half, palm (palm tree) |
Ar |
In the stressed syllable |
[A:] |
Star, card, party |
Ar |
After the W or wh |
[R:] |
Warm, wharf (dock) |
AU AW |
In the stressed syllable |
[R:] |
Autumn, because, draw, saw |
Air are |
In the stressed syllable |
[z[] |
Chair, hair, pair, hare, care |
Ass |
In the stressed syllable |
[A:s] |
Ass, Glass, class |
Vowel Letters E or e+ other letters
Letter or letter Combination |
Syllable Type or the position in the word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
E |
Stress the opening syllable |
[I:] |
She,we,these,relay |
Stressed closed syllables |
E |
Well,get,very,step |
Ea |
In the stressed syllable |
[I:] |
Seat,read,tea,easy |
E |
Bread, head, ready. |
Ee |
In the stressed syllable |
[I:] |
Tree, week, green |
Er |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Her, term, verb |
Vowel Letters I or i+ other letters
Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
I (Y) |
Stress the opening syllable |
[AI] |
Mine,quite,like,side, Friday, my, by, why |
Stressed closed syllables |
I |
Milk,ship,it,with, window, begin |
Ie |
In the reread syllable, before the consonant letter |
[I:] |
field, piece |
At the end of a reread syllable word |
[AI] |
Lie, die, tie. |
IgH |
In the stressed syllable |
[AI] |
Night, right. |
ir |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Skirt, girl. |
Vowel Letters O or o+ other letters
Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
O |
Stress the opening syllable |
[[u] |
No, go, nose, home |
Stressed closed syllables |
R |
Not, dog, hot, stop |
Before M, n, v or th |
[Q] |
Come, month, love, brother. |
Oa |
In the stressed syllable |
[[u] |
Coat, boat, road |
Oi Oy |
In the stressed syllable |
[Ri] |
Noise,join, boy, toy |
Oo |
In most cases |
[U:] |
School, too, cool. |
In front of K |
[U] |
Book, Look, Cook. |
Or |
In the stressed syllable |
[R:] |
Sport, Horse, forty |
Behind the W |
[[:] |
Work, worse, worker |
OUs |
In most cases |
[Au] |
Round, house, about |
Before the ght. |
[R:] |
Ought (should) |
ow |
In the stressed syllable |
[Au] |
Cow, now, down, how |
In stressed or unstressed syllables |
[[u] |
Know, grow, show, window, yellow |
Vowel Letter U or u+ other letter
Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
U |
Stress the opening syllable |
[Ju:] |
Use, duty, excuse |
Stressed closed syllables |
[Q] |
But, US, luck |
ur |
In the stressed syllable |
[[:] |
Nurse, turn, hurt, Thrusday |
the majority of the vowel letters in unstressed syllables are read [[] or [i]
Letter |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
A |
[[] |
About, American, <, breakfast |
I |
Orange, comrade, village, message |
E |
[[] |
Student, Hundred |
I |
Jacket, begin, Harvest |
I (Y) |
I |
Coming, Dining-room, many, country |
O |
[[] |
O ' clock, policeman |
U |
[[] |
Autumn |
phonetic rules of the combination of consonant and consonant letters
Letter or letter Combination |
The type of syllable or position in a word |
Pronunciation |
Example words |
C |
Before e, I, Y |
[S] |
Nice, pencil, bicycle. |
In a, O, u and consonants l, r, T before and at the end of a syllable |
K |
Caps, come, cut, clock, cry, picture, music |
Ch |
|
[TF] |
Much,chair, teacher. |
G |
In most cases |
[G] |
Go, big, garden |
In front of E |
[DV] |
page, Orange, large |
J |
|
[DV] |
Jack, Jacket, June, John. |
Kn |
|
N |
Knife, know, knock |
ll |
|
L |
Ball, tell, still. |
Ng |
|
N |
Sing, long, something |
|
[Ng] |
中文版, Longer |
Nk |
|
[Nk] |
Ink. |
Ph |
|
[F] |
Physics (physics) |
Qu |
|
[KW] |
Quite, quick, quarter |
Sh |
|
F |
She, shoe, 中文版, short |
Tch |
|
[TF] |
Watch, fetch (take, take) |
Th |
|
W |
Thing, thank, Month |
|
T |
This, that, with |
Wh |
Before the letter O |
[h] |
Who, whose, whom |
|
[W] |
Where, what, when, why |
wr |
|
[R] |
Write, wrong |
X |
|
[KS] |
box, Next, exercise |
|
[GZ] |
Exam, example |
Y |
|
[j] |
Yes, you, year, yourself |