A series of verbs in English
Department of Verb editing The verb, also known as the link Verb, is a verb used to help illustrate the subject. As a system verb, it has the meaning of itself, but it cannot be used as a predicate, and it must be followed by a predicative, which constitutes the condition, nature and characteristics of the subject in the structure of the table. The function of English verb is to associate the predicative (noun, adjective, some adverbs, non-predicate, prepositional phrase, subordinate clause) with its subject, and explain the subject's attribute, characteristic or state. It has its own but incomplete meaning, not in the sentence independent of the predicate, must and the following predicative together constitute the predicate of the sentence. Although it is a function word, its usage is complex and can not be neglected.Chinese nameLine verbForeign namesLink Verbalso known asLink verbPropertiesA kind of verbCommon WordsAm,is,are, etc.Basic UsageCannot be used alone as a predicate, must be followed by the predicative directory
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1 definitions
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2 Detailed classification
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3 precautions
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4 How to differentiate
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? Comparative Law
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? Replacement method
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5 Special training
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analysis of the answers
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exercises
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1 definition edits The verb linking the subject and the predicative is called a ligature verb. Can not exist independently, the latter must be together with the predicative to form a compound predicate, indicating the subject's identity, category, characteristics, state and so on. For example: He felt ill yesterday. He was ill yesterday. (Felt is a verb, followed by a predicative, indicating the subject.) ）。 About the connection verb after the infinitive connected verb be (am,is,are) according to the situation can be freely connected to the infinitive as a predicative: 1). My dream is to be a scientist. My dream is to be a scientist. 2). All of the to listen. You just have to listen. Seem, appear, prove, turn out, grow and so on can also be connected to the infinitive (especially to is) phrase as a predicative: 1). The man seemed to be ill. The man seems to be ill. 2). The plan proved to be useful. This plan proves to be useful. 3). He appears to know this. He seems to know this. 4). The weather turned out to be fine. The weather turned out very well. 5). He has grown-like studying 中文版. He is gradually fond of learning English. If the infinitive is to is, you can usually omit to is. Sound, smell, feel, taste, become, and so on, usually cannot be followed by an infinitive: (also understood as passive with active table): These oranges taste to be good. (should be removed to be) mistake: the roses smell to being nice. (should be removed to be) after the verb look can sometimes be connected to the be, but to omit to is more.2 Detailed classification edit
main categories of verbs:
1) state-system verbs
Used to denote the subject state, only the word be, for example:
He is a teacher. He is a teacher. (is with the supplement language to explain the subject's identity.) ）
2) Continuous verb
Used to indicate that a subject continues or maintains a condition or attitude, mainly keep, rest, remain, stay, lay, stand, for example:
He always kept silent at meeting. He always keeps silent during the meeting.
This matter rests a mystery. The matter remains a mystery.
3) Table Image system verb
Used to denote the concept of "looks like", mainly seem, appear, look, for example:
He looks tired. He looks very tired.
He seems (to be) very sad. He looks very sad.
4) Sensory system verbs
The main sensory verbs are feel, smell, sound, taste, for example:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
This flower smells very sweet.
The flower smells delicious.
5) Verb of change system
These line verbs indicate what the subject becomes, and the verb of the change system is mainly become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.
For example:
He became mad after that. Since then, he's gone mad.
She grew rich within a short time. She didn't have much time to get rich.
6) terminating verb
Indicates that the subject has been terminated, mainly prove, turn out, expression "confirmed", "into" the meaning, for example:
The rumor proved false. The rumor proved to be false.
The search proved difficult. The search proved to be difficult.
He plan turned out a success. His plan succeeded at last. (Turn out table terminating results)3 Notes edit The verb itself has a certain meaning, can not be used as a predicate, followed by the predicative. When reviewing the system verbs, you must pay attention to the following questions:
1. The verb be is the most important, the subject is different, the form of be is also different, and sometimes the state changes. Usually indicates the subject's characteristics, status and identity, followed by adjectives, adverbs, nouns, prepositional phrases, infinitive, v-ing, past participle and predicative clauses as predicative. Special attention should be paid to the difference between the structure of the system and the passive voice formed by the be+ past participle by the be+ past participle. The former focuses on the characteristics of the subject or the state in which it is located, and usually does not have a preposition phrase guided by by. such as: the door was closed. The latter focuses on emphasizing that the subject is the bear of the action shown in the predicate verb, indicating the action, which can be guided by the preposition phrase. such as: The door is closed by me. It is also important to note that "the structure of the system composed of be+ v-ing and the" be+ v-ing "form the difference between the progressive tenses. The former focuses on the characteristics of the subject or the state of existence, but also shows what the subject is. such as: My job is teaching 中文版. The latter focuses on emphasizing that the subject is doing something. such as: Mr Wang is reading a evening paper now.
2. Be aware of the system verbs that are transformed by the behavioral verbs. The Sound,taste,look,feel,smell of the body's senses are followed by adjectives, and the verbs that indicate that the subject is transformed from one state to another are Become,get,go,turn,run,grow,come,fall, Prove, and so on, followed by adjectives, nouns or to be+ adjectives, become followed by the singular noun, before the noun to use indefinite article, turn followed by the singular noun, before the noun without indefinite article, indicating that the subject continues or maintains a certain identity, feature or state of the verb has continue, Keep,remain,stay,stand Lie,rest,stay, etc., followed by an adjective indicating the state, the verb to be judged is seem and appear, followed by adjectives, to be+ nouns or adjectives, that-clause, infinitive, etc.
3. Pay attention to the fixed collocation of the verb. Common are come true, fall asleep, fall ill, go bad, come right, run wild, wear thin, turn nasty, etc. 4.
pay special attention to some verbs that can be used as a verb.，
You can also do the use of notional verbs. Part of the main note: then asked to receive adjectives, rather than adverbs to do predicative. In this case, we can only judge the former or the latter according to its meaning, and then make the correct judgment and choice of the later part of speech and the meaning of words. Take taste as an example: the newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique. (This newly developed soft drink tastes quite unique.) Note: In this sentence, taste does the verb, cannot use it, followed by an adjective. The chef is tasting, the fish carefully. (The chef is tasting this dish.) Note: In this sentence, taste do notional verbs, you can use the time, and the following adverb to do adverbial. ）
Seven questions to be noted in the use of the verb system
1. The tenses of the verbs should be discussed in the context of the situation. Generally, the state-system verb has no tenses, while the verb of dynamic system has the progressive tense. However, in some cases, the state-system verb also has the tenses, which represent two uses: one is a transient, abnormal state. Such as: He is being kind. (A momentary and unsustainable nature) he pretended to be amiable. The second is to express a kind of inquiring tone, make the language polite, vivid, kind. For example: I hope you is keeping well. (euphemism) I want you to stay healthy. is feeling any better? (tone) Do you feel better? Trial comparison: Your hand feels cold. (Unconscious static nature. Your hand feels cold. Can not say: Your hand is feeling cold. (x) But it can be said that the doctor is feeling her pulse. (Conscious dynamic action) The doctor is taking her veins. The soup tastes good. (Static nature, no time) the soup tastes good. The cook is tasting the soup. (Dynamic action, when in progress) the chef is tasting the taste of the soup. In a word, the tenses of the verb should change with the meaning of the verb or the context of the system. When we summarize the tenses of a verb, we cannot say in general that Feel,smell is not carried out, it should point out its meaning and its pragmatic environment. For example, the usage of smell is evident. ①smell as the ability of "smell", although is a real verb, but refers to a nature of the existence of a state can not be used to carry out tenses, often with can, could, be able to use. The camels can smell the water a mile off. The camel can smell water a mile away. ② refers to the "smell, smell," the action, the real verb, can be used for the progressive tense. The girl is smelling the flower. The girl is smelling the flower. ③smell means "containing ... Smell "," send out ... Odor "and other things in the nature of the semi-system verbs, no progressive tense. The dinner smells good. The food smells good.
2. The question of the tense of the verb and the comparative level of the adjective. Some dynamic verbs, such as get, become, grow, turn, and so on, can be used with the comparative level of adjectives to denote the gradual process, which means "more and more ...". For example: He is growing taller and taller. He grows taller and higher. We are getting better and better. Our lives are getting better. The things is getting worse. The situation is getting worse.
3. The passive voice of all the half-series verbs is discussed in a divided context. In English, when a verb is used as a verb, there is no passive voice, and when the verb is used, the passive voice is not confused. For example: The Apple is tasted good. (because taste is the verb, "taste" means the nature of the apple, no passive voice) but we can say: The apple is tasted by me. The apple was tasted by me. (Taste at this time refers to "taste" this action, there is a passive voice) Therefore, in peacetime English teaching and learning, we should pay attention to the semi-system of verbs in the specific language environment in the end is the use of verbs or practical verb usage, we should pay attention to distinguish and identify.
4. The problem of whether the verb can be connected with the time period by instantaneous dynamic systemSome of the verbs in English that represent instantaneous meanings cannot be connected directly with "for+ time period, since+ time point, how long until+ time, by + time, so far". For example: ① cannot say: He has become a teacher for 2 years. Should read: He has been a teacher for 2 Years.② cannot say: He has turned writer since 3 years ago. Should read: He has been a writer since 3 years ago. Or it is three years since he turned Writer.③ cannot say: He got angry until his child Came back home. Should read: He didn ' t get angry until his child came back home.
5. A series of verbs can be connected to several kinds of predicative (subordinate clauses) The verb is in addition to the adj.\n.\prep. Phrases, some adv. Besides, the following predicative forms can be used: ① can connect as if/as though predicative clauses are: look (looks), smell (smells), sound (sounds), feel (think) ; appear (appears), seem (seems). For example: It looks as if we are going to has snow. It looks like it's going to snow. He looked as if he had just stepped out of the My book of fairy tales. He seems to have just come out of my fairy tale. She seemed as if (though) she couldn ' t understand why Laura was there. It seems that she can't understand why Laura stayed there. It sounds to me as though there's a tap running somewhere. I seem to hear the sound of some tap water. She felt as if her head were splitting. She seemed to think she was going to have a split. The river appeared as if enveloped in smog. It seems to be shrouded in smoke. It seems as if it were spring already. It's spring. ② can be used for the structure of "it+ verb +that clauses": seem, appear, not available as, look. such as: It seemed that he had made some serious mistakes. He works. It seems that he made a serious mistake at work. It appeared that he is talking to himself. As if he were talking to himself. ③ can use infinitive as a predicative verb: be, seem, get, look, appear, prove, grow. Her job was to look after the children. She works to take care of the children. He seems not to looks after the children. He doesn't seem to be her father. She looks to is a young girl of twenty year-old. She looks like a 20-year-old girl. He didn ' t appEar to dislike it. I don't see him hating it. My advice proved to be wrong. My suggestion proves to be wrong. He will grow the work gradually. He's going to love this job. ④ can be, appear, seem with there. There appeared to is only one room. It's like there's only a bedroom. There seems (to IS) no need to go. There seems no need to go.
6. There are two system verbs that can be used in two negative forms: seem, appear.For example: It doesn ' t seem that we can get our money back.= It seems so we can ' t get our money back. He seems not to be his father.= He doesn ' t seem to being her father. The baby doesn ' t appear to being awake.= the baby appears not to be awake.
7. The past participle which is followed by predicative can form the structure of the system.There are usually two system verbs that can form the structure of a system: the first is the common being (is, am, was, etc), and the second is get, which is commonly used in spoken language. When they are used as a verb, they all represent a state of being, not a passive one, and when they are used as auxiliary verbs, the past participle followed by the predicate constitutes the passive voice. Be + past participle can often be replaced with get+ past participle, but not be verb can always use get to replace. get+ past participle is commonly used in the following two cases: 1) Indicates the result or condition of accidental, abrupt, unexpected passive action. Last night I got caught in the downpour. I was caught in the rain yesterday (to be unexpected) The new car got scratched. It's broken. (table Burst) famous scholar Professor Zhouhaizhong in the paper "get-passive study" pointed out: get+ past participle of the passive voice is a new form of passive voice, relatively speaking its use has not be+ the past participle composed of the passive voice is so broad, generally limited to oral and informal written language But it has a tendency to use more and more, and it is an animated language phenomenon. [1] 2) means what is done to itself. such as get dressed, get lost and so on. John got injured while playing football the last Saturday. John was injured in playing football in Saturday. They got married last month. In addition, we should pay attention to distinguish between the structure of the system and the use of passive voice.
8. The difference between a verb and a verb
The verb is also called the contact verb (link Verb), as the system verb, it has the meaning of itself, but can not be used as a predicate, the back must be followed with a predicative (also known as complements), the structure of the list of the subject of the state, nature, characteristics and so on. However, some of the verb is a real verb, when the verb expresses the meaning, there is a sense, can be a separate predicate. For example: He felt ill yesterday. He was ill yesterday. (Felt is a verb, followed by a complement, indicating the subject.) ) He fell off the bike. He fell off the bike. Fell is a literal verb, which is a predicate alone. The word that represents the state in an action is called a verb. According to its function in the sentence, the verb can be divided into four categories, namely: the real verb, the department verb, the auxiliary verb, the modal verb. However, in some cases, some verbs are concurrently-class words. For example: We have a meeting. We are having a meeting. (There is a literal verb.) He had gone to New York. He has gone to New York. (There are auxiliary verbs.) According to whether the verb is followed by an object, it can be divided into two categories, namely: transitive verb, intransitive verb, and English abbreviation form VT. and Vi.. However, the same verb can sometimes be used as a transitive verb, sometimes as an intransitive verb. For example: She can Dance and sing. She can sing and dance. (Sing is used here as an intransitive verb.) ) She can sing many 中文版 songs. She can sing many songs in English. (Sing is used as a transitive verb.) ）4 How to distinguish between editors Even the verb has its own meaning, but cannot make the predicate independently, and must form a synthetic predicate together with the predicative (noun, adjective, or equivalent part of speech, phrase, clause). The most commonly used verb is the be (line) verb, which is a fully connected verb, in addition to a half-look,turn,feel,get,become,sound,smell,stand,go,remain verb. Whether it is a fully connected verb or a half-linked verb, there is a predicative in the back. A semi-connected verb is a notional verb, which distinguishes between a notional verb and a semi-connected verb, which can be used to compare and replace.Comparison MethodCompare the following groups of sentences (1) A. Please look at the blackboard. Look at the blackboard, please. B He looked a perfect fool. He looks like a total psycho. (2) A. Turn to Page 16. Turn to page 16. B He turned traitor to his country. He betrayed the motherland. (3) A He felt it duty to the help others. He thinks it is his duty to help others. B I felt very hungry after a long walk. After a long walk, I felt very hungry. (4) A.get me some ink. Give me some ink. B Our motherland is getting stronger and stronger. Our country has become more and more powerful. (5) A Such words does not become a scholar. That doesn't sound like a scholar's mouth. B Some of the fields became covered with water. Some fields are covered with water. (6) A This black key is on the piano won "T sound. The black key on the piano does not ring down. B The story sounds interesting. The story sounds very interesting. (7) A.I am sure I smell gas. I must have smelled the smell of coal. B The flowers smell sweet. The flowers exude an aroma. (8) A He was too weak to stand. He is too weak to stand. B Holding the note in his hand,he stood there dumbfounded. He stood there with the money, dumbfounded. (9) A He goes to school early every morning. He goes to school early every morning. B They went mad. They are mad. (10) A I remained 3 weeks in Paris. I stayed in Paris for three weeks. B He never remained satisfied with his success. He is never content with his grades.substitution MethodAnalysis of the above 10 groups of sentences we can see that the Group B verbs are all linked verbs, because if we replace the verb be (is) the appropriate form of Italic verb, the sentence is able to set up, the latter component is the predicative. (1) He was a perfect fool. (2) He is a traitor to his country. (3) I was very hungry after a long walk. (4) Our motherland is stronger and stronger. (5) Some of the land is covered with water. (6) The story is interesting. (7) The flowers is sweet. (8) Holding the note in he hand,he was there dumbfounded. (9) They were mad. (ten) He was never satisfied and his success. Conversely, if the appropriate form of be (IS) verb is substituted for group a verb, the sentence cannot be established, cannot be explained, the group a verb is not a linked verb: * (l) Please be at the blackboard. * (2) is to Page L6. * (3) He is if He duty to help others. * (4) Be me some ink. * (5) Such words is not a scholar. * (6) The black key on the piano won ' t is. * (7) I am sure I am gas. * (8) He was too weak to be. * (9) He is to school early every morning. * (Ten) I was 3 weeks in Paris. The other half-linked verbs are made by notional verbs. So when you change the sentence of a half-connected verb into a question, use the auxiliary verb. For example: 1. Does they look tired? 2. Have she got ready? 3. Did it become much more expensive to travel abroad? They are sometimes changed in the form of a verb or a semi-connected verb, but some of the semi-connected verbs are formally viewed as being present and do not actually indicate that the action is in progress. It means "gradual" meaning or expression of an emotional color.(1) It ' s getting warmer and warmer. The days are getting warmer. (2) is feeling better now? Are you feeling better now? Because the half-line verb belongs to intransitive verb, there is no passive voice. If not say: * Good medicine is tasted bitter to the mouth. Should say: good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. Health Tastes bitter
The system verb in English
