Ai Second Job

2.9 has the following statements, please use the corresponding predicate formulas to represent them separately:

Where ∃ is "exists" ∀ is "arbitrary". Logical ∧ (with) ∨ (or). ￢ (non)

(1) Some people like plum blossom, some people like Chrysanthemum, some people both like plum blossom and like chrysanthemum.

Solution: Defining predicates

P (x): X is Human

L (x, y): x likes y

Where Y's individual domain is {plum, chrysanthemum}

The knowledge is represented by a predicate as:

(∃x) (P (x) →l (x, Plum) ∨l (x, Chrysanthemum) ∨l (x, Plum) ∧l (x, Chrysanthemum))

(2) Some people go to play basketball every afternoon.

Solution: Defining predicates

P (x): X is Human

B (x): X Play Basketball

A (Y): Y is afternoon

The knowledge is represented by a predicate as:

(∃x) (∀y) (A (Y) →b (x) ∧p (x))

(3) The new type of computer is fast and the storage capacity is large.

Solution: Defining predicates

NC (x): X is a new type of computer

F (x): Fast x speed

B (x): Large x capacity

The knowledge is represented by a predicate as:

(∀x) (NC (x) →f (x) ∧b (x))

(4) Not every computer department student likes the computer creates Macintosh program.

Solution: Defining predicates

S (x): X is a student of computer science

L (x, Programming): X likes programming

U (x, Computer): x use computer

The knowledge is represented by a predicate as:

￢ (∀x) (S (x) →l (x, Programming) ∧u (x, Computer))

(5) Anyone who likes to program is fond of computers.

P (x): X is Human

L (x, y): x likes y

The knowledge is represented by a predicate as:

(∀x) (P (x) ∧l (x, Programming) →l (x, Computer))

2.11 The problem of farmer, wolf, goat and cabbage by means of predicate notation.

The farmer, the wolf, the goat, the cabbage all put on the left bank of a river, now to send them all to the right bank of the river, the farmer has a boat, when the river, in addition to the farmer outside the ship can carry a wolf, goat, cabbage in one. A wolf eats a goat, and a goat eats cabbage unless the farmer is there. Plan for a safe crossing across the river. Please write out the definition of the predicate used, and give the function of each predicate and the individual domain of the variable.

Solution: (1) First define a predicate that describes the state

AL (x): X on the left bank

where X's individual domain is {farmer, ship, wolf, sheep, cabbage}.

¬al (x) indicates that x is on the right bank.

Initial state of the problem: the target State of the problem:

AL (farmer) ¬al (farmer)

AL (ship) ¬al (ship)

AL (Wolf) ¬al (Wolf)

AL (sheep) ¬al (sheep)

AL (cabbage) ¬al (cabbage)

(2) redefine the predicate that describes the operation

L-r: The farmer himself rowed from the left bank to the right bank

L-r (x): Farmer with X boating from left Bank to right bank

R-l: The farmer himself rowed from the right bank to the left bank

R-l (x): Farmer with x boating from right bank to left bank

where X's individual domain is {wolf, sheep, cabbage}.

(3) Problem solving process

The first step the farmer rowing with sheep from the left bank to the right bank

AL (farmer) ¬al (farmer)

AL (ship) l-r (sheep) ¬al (ship)

AL (Wolf) →al (Wolf)

AL (sheep) ¬al (sheep)

Al (cabbage) al (cabbage)

　

Second step farmer rowing from right bank to left bank

¬al (farmer) AL (farmer)

¬al (ship) r-l AL (ship)

AL (Wolf) ←al (Wolf)

¬al (sheep) ¬al (sheep)

Al (cabbage) al (cabbage)

The third step is the farmer rowing the wolf from the left bank to the right bank.

AL (farmer) ¬al (farmer)

AL (ship) l-r (Wolf) ¬al (ship)

AL (Wolf) →¬al (Wolf)

¬al (sheep) ¬al (sheep)

Al (cabbage) al (cabbage)

Fourth step the farmer is rowing the wolf from the right bank to the left bank.

¬al (farmer) AL (farmer)

¬al (ship) r-l (sheep) AL (ship)

¬al (Wolf) ←¬al (Wolf)

¬al (sheep) AL (sheep)

Al (cabbage) al (cabbage)

Fifth step the farmer rowed the cabbage from the left bank to the right bank.

¬al (farmer) ¬al (farmer)

¬al (ship) l-r (cabbage) ¬al (ship)

¬al (Wolf) →¬al (Wolf)

¬al (sheep) AL (sheep)

AL (cabbage) ¬al (cabbage)

Sixth step farmer rowing from right bank to left bank

¬al (farmer) AL (farmer)

¬al (ship) r-l AL (ship)

¬al (Wolf) ←¬al (Wolf)

Al (sheep) Al (sheep)

¬al (cabbage) ¬al (Chinese cabbage)

Sixth, the farmer rowed the sheep from the left bank to the right bank.

AL (farmer) ¬al (farmer)

AL (ship) l-r (sheep) ¬al (ship)

¬al (Wolf) →¬al (Wolf)

AL (sheep) ¬al (sheep)

¬al (cabbage) ¬al (Chinese cabbage)

2.16 write out their semantic networks for the following propositions, respectively:

(1) Each student has a computer.

Solution:

(2) High teacher from March to July to the computer department students to talk about the "computer network" class.

Solution:

(3) There are men, women, graduate students, and undergraduates in the classes.

Solution:

(4) The innovation Company at 56th Hoi Hai Avenue, Liu Yang is the company's manager, he is 32 years old, Master's degree.

Solution:

(5) The red team played football with the Blue team and ended with a 3:2 score.

Solution:

2.17 Please express the following proposition in a semantic network:

(1) trees and grasses are plants;

(2) both the tree and the grass have leaves and roots;

(3) weeds are grass, and grow in water;

(4) fruit trees are trees and will result;

(5) pear Tree is a kind of fruit tree, it will knot pear.

Ai Second Job