First, prepare 1. Download image
Download the latest ISO image file here, use PowerISO or DD to burn to USB flash drive
$ dd bs=4M if=/path/to/archlinux.iso of=/dev/sdx && sync
2. Booting from USB stick
Boot after startup, you may need to close secure boot in the BIOS
Confirm whether the boot mode is EFI
# ls /sys/firmwre/efi/efivars
II. installation 1. Connection network (WLAN) interface activation: IP
- Use
rfkill list
to see if the WLAN is locked and unlocked if it is locked rfkill unblock
.
- Using the
ip link
interface name to view the WLAN, similar to WLP9S0, use the
- Activating the WLAN interface, using the
ip link set <wlan> up
activation interface, after activation, ip link
you can see that the status of the WLAN interface is displayed as similar
Wireless connection: IW
- Use
iw dev <wlan> scan | less
to view the scanned access point
- Using the
iw <wlan> connect
connection reference wiki
设接入点SSID为<SSID>无加密:# iw dev <wlan> connect <SSID>WEP加密使用十六进制或 ASCII 密码(格式是自动识别出来的,因为 WEP 密码长度是固定的):# iw dev <wlan> connect <SSID> key 0:<KEY>使用十六进制或 ASCII 密码,第三个是默认 (从0计数,共四个)# iw dev wlan0 connect your_essid key d:2:your_keyWPA/WPA2加密WPA/WPA2# wpa_supplicant -i <wlan> -c <(wpa_passphrase <SSID> <KEY>)
Get IP:DHCP
# dhcpcd <wlan>
2. Partition: Gdisk, MKFS set up partition
Use gdisk /dev/sdx
the option to select the specified hard disk for partitioning, the following are the commands commonly used in Gdisk:
- ? Print the available commands
- P Print Partition Table
- o New GPT partition table
- N New Partition
- D Delete Partition
- Q Do not change the partition table and exit directly
- W will change the actual write to the hard disk
It is generally necessary to create at least the new/located partition (type code 8300), and you can mount the home or var directory to a separate partition. If necessary, you can also create a swap partition (type Code 8200), and if it is a blank hard disk, you also need to build the EFI partition (type code EF00)
formatting partitions
# mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 # mkswap /dev/sda3 # swapon /dev/sda3
Mount Partition: Mount
# mount /dev/sda2 /mnt # mkdir -p /mnt/home /mnt/boot/efi # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
3. Install the base system selection software source
Edit /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
, add the source used. Such as
Server=https://ipv6.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinux/$repo/os/$arch
and then refresh
# pacman -Sy
Basic system
# pacstrap /mnt base base-devel
Generate Fstab
# genfstab -pU /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
4. Configure Chroot to the new system
# arch-chroot /mnt /bin/bash
Language regions
Edit /etc/locale.gen
, remove a few lines of comments
en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_CN.GB18030 GB18030 zh_CN.GBK GBK zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8 zh_CN GB2312
And then run
# locale-gen
Last edited/etc/locale.conf
LANG=en.UTF-8
Terminal font (optional)
Edit /etc/vconsole.conf
:
KEYMAP=usFONT=Lat2-Terminus16
Time
Connect the /etc/localtime
Soft link to the /usr/share/zoneinfo/Zone/SubZone
. Where Zone
and Subzone
replace the time zone, for example:
# ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
Host name (optional)
# echo myhostname > /etc/hostname
Set Root password, add user
In addition to setting the Root password, add an account for the Administrators group to do the usual use:
# passwd# useradd -G wheel user# passwd user# chfn user# mkdir -m 700 /home/user# chown user:user /home/user
Installing and configuring Bootloader
# pacman -S grub os-prober efibootmgr# grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --bootloader-id=Arch --recheck# grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
X Window Manager and some drive X window manager
# pacman -S xorg-server xorg-xinit
Universal Graphics Driver
# pacman -S xf86-video-vesa
Drivers that support hardware acceleration can automatically prompt you to install when X is installed, just select the correct type of video card and do not need to be installed explicitly.
Sound card driver
# pacman -S alsa-utils
Input device driver
Input device drivers are installed automatically when X is installed, and generally do not require an explicit installation. However, laptops or touch screen users need to install Synaptics:
# pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics
Virtual machines
If you are installing in VMware, install some drivers specifically for the virtual machine:
# pacman -S xf86-input-vmmouse xf86-video-vmware svga-dri
Install VMware Tools, select "Install VMware Tools" in VMware, and then:
# pacman -S linux-headers# for x in {0..6}; do mkdir -pv /etc/init.d/rc$x.d; done# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt# cd /root# tar zxf /mnt/VMwareTools*.tar.gz# cd vmware-tools-distrib# ./vmware-install.pl
Follow the instructions, if the final error, generally do not worry, after restarting VMware Tools to correctly start.
Install fonts
Install some commonly used Chinese and English fonts:
# pacman -S ttf-dejavu wqy-zenhei wqy-microhei
Installing the Desktop Environment (Deepin)
# pacman -S deepin deepin-extra
Configuring the LIGHTDM Login Manager
# vi /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
Found it
#greeter-session=example-gtk-gnome
Remove the comment and change to:
greeter-session=lightdm-deepin-greeter
Start the LIGHTDM service
# systemctl enable lightdm.servicce
Restart can
5. Two note If these steps do not have NetworkManager installed, you cannot connect to the network after rebooting into the Deepin.
# pacman -S networkmanager# systemctl enable NetworkManager.service
Nouveau does not support GTX1060 and GTX1070 and requires the installation of Nvidia graphics cards
# pacman -S nvidia
If necessary, you can add Nouveau to blacklist
# echo blacklist nouveau >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf# mkinitcpio -p linux
Third, SSD optimization
See next article, optimized use of SSDs under Linux
Reference:
- Arch Linux Installation Guidelines
- Arch Linux Installation Deepin desktop environment
- Arch Linux wiki-wireless Network configuration
ArchLinux Installation Tutorials