Basic Ubuntu operation

Linux Installation
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Install VMware10.

Configuring the Installation Ubuntu-12.04.2-desktop-i386.iso

Set up logged in user

General operations
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Enter Terminal: CTRL+ALT+F2

Back to Desktop: Ctrl+alt+f7

Open Desktop Terminal: ctrl+alt+t

Account
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The root user name of Ubuntu is not activated by default
To activate the root account:
sudo passwd root

To block the root account:
sudo passwd-l root

Switch account: SU user

sudo: Temporarily assign limited root privileges to other users

Lists the commands that the current user can execute: sudo-l

File operations
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Back to Current user home directory: cd ~

Show previous command and result:!!

Read file: Cat file name

Overwrite write: echo "write" > File name

Write not overwrite: echo "write" >> file name

Copy file: CP Source file Destination file

Delete File: RM file name

Delete folder: Rm-r directory Name

New file: Touch xx or VI xx

New Folder: MkDir folder

Moving files: MV Source file Destination file

Rename: MV Source file Destination file

View: LS; ls-l

Find: Find

Open hidden file: ctrl+h

redirect
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>
is directed output to a file, if the file does not exist, create a file, if the file exists, it is emptied;

>>
This is to append the output to the destination file. If the file does not exist, create the file;

Shutdown
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Shut down System (1): Shutdown-h Now (save to close later)

Shutdown System (2): Init 0 (direct off)

Shut down System (3): Telinit 0

Shut down the system at a predetermined time: Shutdown-h Hours:minutes &

Cancel to shut down the system at a predetermined time: shutdown-c

Restart (1): Shutdown-r now

Restart (2): Reboot

Logout: Logout

Software Installation
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tar.gz: This manual installation, compilation, general operation Configure,make && make install.

Bin: Run the setup file on the line

RPM Deb: Other types

Vi
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Open new file: VI fileName

VI Three modes: normal mode, edit mode, Command mode:
VI Open file default to normal mode, press I to edit mode, press ESC to return to normal mode, press: Switch to command mode

Normal Mode:
Shift Left: H
Shift Right: L
Previous line: J
Next line:
Delete character: X
Delete Row: DD

Command mode:
Save:: W
Exit:: Q
Forced exit:: q!
Save exit:: Wq
Display line:: Set Nu

Edit mode:
Enter edit mode from normal mode: I

Basic Ubuntu operation