Boost: Format user guide.

Try to use sprintf as little as possible, and do not know when the program crashes.

Http://www.cnblogs.com/WuErPIng/archive/2005/04/21/142308.aspx

Try boost format

 

 

1. Boost: Format

Basic Syntax: boost: Format (format-string) % arg1 % arg2 %... % argn

The following example shows how to use boost: Format

// Method 1
Cout <boost: Format ("% s") % "output content" <Endl;

// Method 2
STD: String S;
S = STR (boost: Format ("% s") % "output content ");
Cout <S <Endl;

// Method 3
Boost: Format formater ("% s ");
Formater % "output content ";
STD: String S = formater. STR ();
Cout <S <Endl;

// Method 4
Cout <boost: Format ("% 1%") % boost: IO: group (Hex, showbase, 40) <Endl;

Ii. Boost: The actual instance used by format

Format Syntax: [N $] [flags] [width] [. Precision] type-Char

// ATL: cstring Style
Cout <boost: Format ("/n % s"
"% 1 t decimal = [% d]/n"
"% 1 t formatted decimal = [% 5D]/n"
"% 1 t formatted in decimal format, prefill '0' = [% 05d]/n"
"% 1 t hexadecimal = [% x]/n"
"% 1 t octal = [% O]/n"
"% 1 t floating point = [% F]/n"
"% 1 t formatted floating point = [% 3.3f]/n"
"% 1 t scientific COUNT = [% E]/n"
) % "Example:/N" % 15% 15% 15% 15% 15% 15.01% 15.01% <Endl;

// C #: String Style
Cout <boost: Format ("% 1%"
"% 1 t decimal = [% 2 $ D]/n"
"% 1 t formatted decimal = [% 2 $ 5D]/n"
"% 1 t formatted in decimal format, prefill '0' = [% 2 $ 05d]/n"
"% 1 t hexadecimal = [% 2 $ X]/n"
"% 1 t octal = [% 2 $ o]/n"
"% 1 t floating point = [% 3 $ F]/n"
"% 1 t formatted floating point = [% 3 $ 3.3f]/n"
"% 1 t scientific COUNT = [% 3 $ E]/n"
) % "Example:/N" % 15% 15.01 <Endl;


Output result
/**//*
Example:
Decimal = [15]
Formatted decimal = [15]
Format in decimal format. Add '0' = [00015].
Hexadecimal = [F]
Octal = [17]
Floating Point = [15.010000]
Formatted floating point = [15.010]
Scientific COUNT = [1.501000e + 001]
*/

The % 1t above indicates the tab operator. No corresponding input parameter is required,
Each pair of "corresponds to an input parameter. % D, % F, % x, and so on correspond to the input type. Note that only one input type can be contained in one... Haha.
3. Boost: new format specifier of format

% {Nt}
When N is a positive number, N absolute tabs are inserted.
Cout <boost: Format ("[% 10 t]") <Endl;

% {NTX}
Use X as the fill character to replace the fill character of the current stream (usually a space by default)
Cout <boost: Format ("[% 10 t *]") <Endl;

Iv. Exception Handling

General Syntax:

Try
{
Cout <boost: Format ("% d") % 1 <Endl;
}
Catch (STD: exception const & E)
{
Cout <E. What () <Endl;

// Output content:
// Boost: too_few_args: format-string refered to more arguments than were passed
}

In the boost: format document, there is a way to handle exceptions, but I personally feel that it is not practical. The following is an example in this document.

// Boost: IO: all_error_bits Selects all errors
// Boost: IO: too_many_args_bit selects errors due to passing too into arguments.
// Boost: IO: too_few_args_bit selects errors due to asking for the srting result before all arguments are passed

Boost: Format my_fmt (const STD: string & f_string)
{
Using namespace boost: IO;
Format fmter (f_string );
Fmter. Exceptions (all_error_bits ^ (too_many_args_bit | too_few_args_bit ));
Return fmter;
}
Cout <my_fmt ("% 1% % 2%/N") % 1% 2% 3% 5;

 

5. There are other functions, but I don't want to go into details if I feel that I am useless for the moment.

 

 

Overview

STD: string is a good stuff, but in actual use, basically encounter unpleasant things in every program: format the string. For this reason, I even introduced platform-related MFC, ATL, and other heavyweight frameworks that I didn't need to use in the project to easily format strings. I tried to extract the format function of ATL: cstring and use it. However, the underlying function of ATL: cstring calls a Windows unique function and cannot cross the platform. Of course, with boost: format, we don't have to worry about it anymore. Boost: Format reloads the '%' operator. by calling the '%' operator multiple times, you can easily format the parameter into a string and implement ATL :: the format function of string in cstring and C. In addition to the strange syntax at the beginning, the function is enough to make people feel excited!