Computer definition: "Accept user input instructions and data, through the processing of the central processing unit data and logical units, to produce or store into useful information."
The five main units of the computer include: input unit, Output Unit, control unit inside CPU, arithmetic logic unit and memory.
The data will flow into/out of memory is the instruction issued by the CPU, and the actual data that the CPU is going to process is completely from memory.
CPU is mainly divided into simplified instruction set (RISC) and complex instruction set (CISC) system according to design concept.
As for the frequency portion of the CPU, FSB refers to the speed at which the CPU and external components transmit data, and the multiplier is a multiple of the CPU used to speed up the performance, which multiplies the CPU's frequency speed.
General motherboard chip is divided into North Bridge and South Bridge, North Bridge bus becomes the system bus, because it is the main channel of memory transmission, so the speed is faster, the South Bank is the so-called input/output (I/O) bus, mainly used to connect hard disk, USB, NIC and other interface equipment.
The frequency supported by the North Bridge is called the front-end bus speed (Front Side BUS,FSB), and the number of bits per transmission is the bus width.
The amount of data that the CPU can process each time is called the word size (word size), and the size of the group is based on the design of the CPU and 32 bits in 64 bits. What we now call a computer is 32-bit or 64-bit based on the size of the word group parsed by this CPU.
The memory of the main component bit of the PC is dynamically randomly accessed memory (dynamic random access Memory,dram), and the second layer inside the CPU is replaced with static random access memory (static randomness for access Memory,sram).
The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is a program that writes dead to a memory chip on the motherboard, which can record data when there is no power, which is read only memory,rom.
The graphics card specifications have Pci/agp/pcie, the current mainstream bit PCIe interface.
The hard disk is composed of a disc, a mechanical arm, a head and a spindle motor, wherein the disc is composed of a sector, a track and a cylindrical surface.
The operating system (Operating System,os) is actually a set of programs that focus on managing all the activities of the computer and all the hardware in the drive system.
The computer is mainly in binary production units, commonly used disk capacity unit is byte, its unit conversion to 1byte=8bit.
The operating system is only to drive and manage the hardware, and to use hardware, you need to through the application software or shell functions, to invoke the operating system to manipulate hardware work. Currently, in addition to the above functions, the operating system usually contains the application software required for daily work.
Brother Bird's Linux private Cuisine No. 0 Chapter Introduction to Computer Essentials
