Chapter II Hellenistic--the study of Romacco
2.1 Origins of Greek mathematical astronomy
The basic motive of Greek astronomy comes from the salvation phenomenon (which normalizes the chaotic phenomena)
Eudoxus-Concentric ball model, a planet to do multiple uniform circular motions, superimposed into complex motion, concentric ball model not only solves the phenomenon of Plato's salvation, but also lays the basic pattern of Greek astronomy.
2.1 Origins of Greek Mathematical Astronomy (exercise)
2.2 representative of the Greek mathematical astronomy
Archimedes (approx. 287-First 212 years)
Reflection
Lever principle
Archimedes ' Important mathematical achievement
Archimedes ' physical achievements
The science of Archimedes, which links abstract, deductive science with practicality.
Ptolemy
Ptolemy's basic model of Greek mathematical astronomy
Ptolemy's system represents the greatest achievement of mathematical science in classical times.
Ptolemy's inherited thoughts
Ptolemy solves a method of increasing complex planetary trajectories with precise observations
Science is the need to see the essence through phenomena
Ad hoc hypothesis
2.2 representative of Greek Mathematical astronomy (exercise)
Chapter II Greek--Roman science 2.1 origin of Greek mathematical astronomy
The Greek idea is that: the heavenly world is closest to the idea World sample reason:
- The sky is a sphere, with the most perfect form and maximum inclusiveness.
- The days are always moving above their own positions (the Greeks think that they do not exercise the highest level)
The Greek theory of how to maintain the celestial body motionless:
- In the case of sunspots, the Greeks denied the phenomenon, which they thought was the sight of the observer.
- The Greeks believe that comets are atmospheric phenomena, in Aristotle's "meteorology", many galaxies, comets recorded
- But the movement of the seven celestial Bodies, the moon, Sun, gold, wood, water, fire and earth, is not explained by the Greek astronomical celestial body, not only the speed of movement and the season, but also the retrograde phenomenon. So these seven celestial bodies are known by the Greeks as planet, planets, and the meaning of a disorderly walk 2333
The basic motive of Greek astronomy comes from the salvation phenomenon (the chaotic phenomenon is structured) Eudoxus-concentric ball model, a planet to do multiple uniform circular motions, superimposed into a complex movement, concentric ball model not only solves the Plato's salvation phenomenon, And laid the basic pattern of Greek astronomy. 2.1 origin of Greek mathematical astronomy (exercise)
The author of Meteorology is Aristotle.
Eudoxus first proposed concentric ball model
The Greeks believe that the heavenly world is the closest sample to the world of ideas.
The "salvation phenomenon" is intuitively said to be the chaotic phenomenon of the regular
2.2 representative of the Greek Mathematical astronomy Archimedes (about 287-first 212 years)
The stock is a Carthage in between, the Syrian stock pro-Carthage, so after Carthage was defeated by Rome, General Massairas command Rome to attack the Syrian stock, in the "Massairas biography", recorded a lot of Archimedes is deeds, wrote a lot of praise Archimedes words.
Reflective Lever principle
Cranes, catapults
The Complete works of Archimedes
The discovery process of the previous book by Archimedes ' sheepskin book is a novel. ）
Archimedes ' Important mathematical achievement
- The surface area and volume of free kicks are two-thirds of the surface area of the outer cut (engraved on their graves 2333)
exhaustion Method , now considered a pioneer of calculus.
Carved on its own tombstone, was 106-43 BC Chissayrol, Roman writer, found in Sicily.
- The center of gravity of the parabolic line
- PI = 3.14
- Large number Counting method
Archimedes ' physical achievements
- The law of buoyancy
- Lever principle (give me a fulcrum, and a long enough lever, I can pry the whole earth)
- Many mechanical tools
Archimedes ' science, which combines abstract, deductive science with practicality, Ptolemy
The mathematical masterpieces of the Greek period:
- Euclid "Geometry originally"
- Ptolemy's "Great Theory" (the synthesis of astronomical achievements)
Represents a Greek-era synthesizer.
Ptolemy's basic model of Greek mathematical astronomy
The idea ruled the Western world for more than 1000 of years, until Copernicus began to disintegrate.
Science and art are different, science is always changing, progress is rising
Ptolemy's system represents the greatest mathematical and scientific achievement of the classical era. Ptolemy inherited the thought
- Earth--the celestial sphere--uniform circular motions
- Earth Static--the inner Earth
Ptolemy solves a method of increasing complex planetary trajectories with precise observations
- This round of the system
- Eccentric Circle (the earth is not at the center of the universe)
- Equant
Science is the need to see the essence through phenomena
Ptolemy's system is far from classical Greek science.
Ad hoc hypothesis 2.2 representative of Greek Mathematical astronomy (exercise)
"The surface area of the free kick is two-thirds of the surface area of the outside cut" is Archimedes ' mathematical achievement
The author of the Great theory is Ptolemy
Ptolemy's system represents the greatest mathematical achievement in classical times.
Archimedes ' geometrical writings are the pinnacle of Greek mathematics.
"The original of Geometry" and "The Great theory" are all the mathematical writings of the Greek period.
From for notes (Wiz)
Chapter II Hellenistic--the study of Romacco
