Color brightness, contrast, saturation, etc.

Light and contrast

"Contrast between light and shade" describes the relationship between the bright and dark parts in a picture. The contrast between light and shade is determined by the nature of the lighting. The direct light is more intense than the light intensity of the scattered light on the subject. The side light is more intense than the light intensity of the front light on the subject. The stronger the light, the more obvious the shadow, the stronger the contrast between light and shade.

The differences between light and shade can be quantified by numbers. In imaging, the word "Light ratio" is usually used to describe the differences between light and shade. The so-called light ratio refers to the ratio of the illuminance of the light in the middle and high light areas to the shadow areas in the image diagram. The larger the ratio of light, the more obvious the hierarchy changes from the bright to the dark, the more intense the shape effect. On the contrary, the smaller the light ratio, the blurrier the hierarchy changes between light and shade, and the effect tends to be dull.

Effects of different light ratios on the shooting content
Different Light-and-shade comparisons reflect different styles. For a high-contrast image, the brightness of the highlight area differs greatly from that of the shadow area, and the level from the bright to the dark area changes significantly. The image gives people a hard feeling. Otherwise, low-contrast image layers are not significantly changed, and the image effect is gentle. However, a high contrast between brightness and shade often fails to display the details of brightness and darkness. A low contrast between brightness and shade will make the image appear too flat and less angry.

Highlight ratio is used to show the strength of men, light ratio is used to show the gentleness of women, is used to film, TV shooting. When shooting, a strong light is used as the dominant light for a male. It creates a significant shadow on the body of the male, exaggerating the texture of the male muscles and enhancing the force. To reflect the gentle side of a female, we should adopt astigmatism lighting to create a light-to-light ratio with a gentle effect.

The ratio of the highlight part to the Shadow part on the screen is different. When we want to show the effect of the night or the fear, gloomy, mysterious, and sad mood, we often need to make the shadow part of the screen larger than the bright part, in addition, the image brightness and shade comparison is designed to be relatively higher, while the brightness part of the image is more than the shadow part, and the brightness and shade comparison is designed to be relatively lower, it is often used to show the daytime effect or happy and positive emotions.

Preset Camera Parameters
The default value is a combination of fixed processing parameters. The most common preset values are for portraits and natural photography. By using the portrait preset values, you can typically get a better skin color, reduce visible stains and creden。, and reduce the effect of the extremely bright and shadow sections. Natural preset values usually emphasize vivid colors and clear details. The preset values of various parameters may even use different color spaces (see the color space section below ). This is similar to the use of portrait film or color saturated phantom film (used in traditional cameras) to emphasize certain features in the photo.

Saturation, contrast, and color
Saturation: this parameter adjusts the color concentration. To make the color brighter and more vivid, increase the saturation; to make the color less concentrated, reduce the saturation.
Contrast: The contrast is the gradual change of the color from the light to the dark. Increasing the contrast can make different colors more obvious (for example, when the scene is too monotonous or Not vivid ). Contrast reduction can make the tone change smoother (for example, when there are bright areas and deep shadows in the scenario ).
Color: adjusting the color is like rotating the wheel to change all colors to a certain amount. In the photo, this effect can change the chromatography of the entire image. For example, to increase the color, you can change the red color in the image to the yellow color. to decrease the color, you can change the red color to the purple color. However, white, black, and gray are not affected by the color adjustment.