Common shell commands under Linux

English original link: https://www.lopezferrando.com/30-interesting-shell-commands/1. Monitoring commands (run every 2 seconds)

"ls -larth"

2. Kill the program with one port

sudo fuser -k 8000/tcp

3. Limit the memory usage of the following commands

ulimit -Sv 1000       # 1000 KBs = 1 MBulimit -Sv unlimited  # Remove limit

4. Rename the selected file using regular expressions

‘s/\.bak$/.txt/‘ *.bak

5. Get the full file path

readlink -f file.txt

6. List the contents of the tar.gz file and extract only one file

tar tf file.tgztar xf file.tgz filename

7. list files by file size

ls -lS

8. Track routes

mtr google.com

9. Tips for finding files

find . -size 20c             # By file size (20 bytes)find . -name "*.gz" -delete  # Delete filesfind . -exec echo {} \; # One file by line./file1./file2./file3find . -exec echo {} \+ # All in the same line./file1 ./file2 ./file3

10. Print infinite loops of text

yesyes hello

11. Currently logged in user

w

12. Output result Front line number

ls | nl

grep uses Perl-style syntax (allows \tSuch a character)

"\t"

Cat command Reverse output (starting at the end)

tac file

15. Check the permissions of the files in each directory

It is useful to detect permissions errors, such as when you configure a Web server.

namei -l /path/to/file.txt

16. command is executed every time the file is modified

while inotifywait -e close_write document.texdo    makedone

17. Copy to Clipboard

cat file.txt | xclip -selection clipboard

Spelling and grammar check of latex

detex file.tex | diction -bs

You may need to install the following: sudo apt-get install diction texlive-extra-utils .

19. Checking the use of resources

/usr/bin/time -v ls

20. Random lines of files

cat file.txt | sort -Rcat file.txt | sort -R | head  # Pick a random sambple# Even better (suggested by xearl in Hacker news):shuf file.txt

21. Keep The program running after you leave the SSH session

If the program does not require any interaction:

nohup ./script.sh &

If you need to enter some content manually, then leave:

./script.sh<Type any input you want><Ctrl-Z>          # send process to sleepjobs -l           # find out the job iddisown -h jobid   # disown jobbg # continue running in the background

Of course, you can also use screen or tmux to accomplish this purpose.

22. Run the command for a limited period of time

timeout 10s ./script.sh# Restart every 30 minuteswhile true; do timeout 30m ./script.sh; done

23. Merging rows from two sorted files

comm file1 file2

Print these three columns:

1. Line file1 Exclusive.
2. Line file2 Exclusive.
3. file1both in line and row file2 .

-1 -2 -3 You can delete these columns by using options,.

24. Split long files in a file, using the same number of rows

split -l LINES -d file.txt output_prefix

25. Refresh the Swap partition

If a program consumes too much memory, the swap partition is filled with the remaining memory, and when you return to normal, everything is slow. Simply restart the swap partition to fix it:

sudo swapoff -asudo swapon -a

26. Fix superblock Problem of EXT4 file system

of previous list> /dev/sda1

27. Create an empty file of a given size

fallocate -l 1G test.img

28. Manipulate PDF files from the command line

join shuffle select pdftk It's a better command than, like, a command:

pdftk *.pdf cat output all.pdf        # Join PDFs togetherpdftk A=in.pdf cat A5 output out.pdf  # Extract page from PDF

You can also use the cpdf action content:

in.pdf -o out.pdf      # Remove imagescpdf -blacktext in.pdf -o out.pdf # Convert all text to black color

29. Monitor progress against the generated output

# Write random data, encode it in base64 and monitor how fast it# is being sent to /dev/nullcat /dev/urandom | base64 | pv -lbri2 > /dev/null# pv options:# -l, lines# -b, total counter# -r, show rate# -i2, refresh every 2 seconds

30. Find a package of files in Ubuntu

apt-file updateapt-file search dir/file.h

Common shell commands under Linux