Current Situation and Future Trend of RFID-trend of 2.1 weekly Wave

Currently, passive labels use the following four cycle bands:
1) less than kHz
2) 13.56 MHz
3) UHF Band (860 ~ 960 MHz)
4) 2.45 GHz
As shown in table 4, the labels of these weekly wave bands have different characteristics.

1) less than kHz
Passive tags are powered by the reader, so the IC circuit cannot obtain a large current. In the era when low power and high cycle circuits cannot be developed, passive labels of the week wave numbers below kHz are used. At that time, the price was very high. It was not suitable for supply chain management as it is now, but for factory Engineering Management and livestock management. Currently, 13.56 MHz, UHF Band, and GHz RFID tags have become the mainstream.

2) 13.56 MHz
Because it is the world's common industry, science and technology, and weekly wave of medical use (ISM band: industry science and medical band), The Passive Tag of this weekly wave band can be used in the world. In Japan, the passive label of the ultra-high frequency band is still restricted by the electric wave method, so the passive label of 13.56mhz becomes the main object to use. The maximum communication distance is 10 cm, which is shorter than that of UHF. Therefore, it can be used to distinguish a single item and be used for the field of individual management.

Due to the use of the electromagnetic induction method, the Passive Tag of this cycle band is defined by ISO/IEC 18000-3.

3) UHF Band (860 ~ 960 MHz)
The shortest meter is the week wave band with the farthest communication distance in the passive label, which is widely used in Europe and America. In Japan, even though the Passive Tag of the ultra-high frequency band is not available until recently, the end of the KDDI analog telephone service is 950 ~ 956mhz has become an unused weekly band. The Provincial Information and Communications Council of The General Administration has investigated the RFID tags of this weekly band. Currently, the high-power type is 952 ~ The 2 MHz band between 954mhz is available. 950 ~ 952mhz and 954 ~ 956mhz serves as a guard band to prevent interference with the weekly band used by the mobile phone ).

The communication distance of the UHF Band is longer than that of other passive tags. When multiple readers are used, radio wave interference occurs between readers. In the United States, because 902 ~ Because of the large weekly band such as 928mhz, the weekly band is divided into multiple channels. As in the wireless network, multiple readers use different channels for communication to prevent interference. In Europe, as in Japan, only a small weekly band can be used. Therefore, before sending a mail, you must first check whether other readers nearby are communicating (listening, observing, and talking ). In Japan, the general Provincial Intelligence Council is discussing the issue of preventing interference.

Although such products cannot be used in Japan, Fujitsu frontec still sells products.

Due to the use of radio waves, the passive tag of the weekly wave number is defined by ISO/IEC 18000-6.

The label of the ultra-high frequency band has the characteristics of weak waves after water, and the communication distance is shortened when pasted on the wooden pallets. Recently, products that are not affected by water-based materials are listed.

4) 2.45 GHz
Similar to the label of 13.56mhz, this band is defined by ism. The frequency of this week is strongly directed to the radio waves, and the reading and writing can only be performed on the front of the reader. The passive label of the GHz band is greatly affected by water, and communication is almost impossible when it is covered by water. In addition, because wireless networks and Bluetooth also use this weekly wave number, when used at the same time, the problem of radio interference occurs.

In the case of radio waves, the Passive Tag of this cycle band is defined by ISO/IEC 18000-4.

(Table 4) Comparison of weekly wave bands

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