Detailed description of IP address test commands

You may often encounter a situation where it may take a long time to connect to a website, or you may not be able to access the desired website at all. How can we know the quality of the line? Please refer to several network test commands in this article to learn about them to help you better use and maintain the network:

I. Ping
Format: ping [x] [-t] [-a] [-n count] [-l size]
Parameter introduction:
-T allows the user's host to continuously send data to the target host
-A displays the network address of the target host in the IP address format.
-N count: the number of Ping attempts. The count parameter specifies the number of Ping attempts.
-L size specifies the size of the data packet sent to the target host.
Main function: This function is used to test the time required to transmit a frame of data from one host to another to determine the primary response time. In the tested engine, the number is the second to the last. However, in this case, we still think that Yahoo can be ranked first. We recommend that everyone who browses or searches the Web use it.
Details: this command is used to check whether a route can reach a site. Because the package size of this command is often small, it is very fast to pass on the Internet, and you can quickly check whether your website is accessible. If Ping fails, you can predict the failure in the following aspects: network connection, network adapter configuration, and IP address availability. If the Ping operation is successful and the network is still unavailable, the problem may be caused by the software configuration of the network system. If the Ping operation is successful, only a physical path can be connected between the current host and the target host. The format is to enter the Ping IP address or host name at the command prompt, and the response time is displayed in the execution result. Repeat this command to find that the Ping report has different response times. The specific ping command can be followed by many parameters. You can enter ping and press enter to get detailed instructions.
For example: When we want to access a website (for example, www.chinayancheng.net), we can use the Ping program to test the current speed of connecting to the website. When running the command, click the Start menu on the Windows9x System and select the Run Command. In the run dialog box, enter Ping and the URL of the user to test (for example, Ping www.chinayancheng.net ), the program will send a 32-byte message to the master server of the specified web site, and then it will record the server response time. The Ping program displays four test results to the user. If the response time is lower than 300 milliseconds, it can be considered normal. If the response time exceeds 400 milliseconds, it is slow. The "request time out" message indicates that the website does not respond within 1 second. This indicates that the server has not configured a response to ping or the website response is extremely slow. If you see four "suspend request" messages, the Web site rejects the ping request. Because too many Ping tests may cause bottlenecks, many Web administrators will not allow the server to accept the tests. If the website is busy or runs slowly for other reasons, such as insufficient hardware power and narrow data channels, you can try again later to check whether the website is actually faulty. If there are problems with multiple tests, it can be considered that the user's host is not connected to the site, the user should promptly contact the Internet service provider or network administrator.

Ii. ipconfig
Format: ipconfig [/?] [/All]
Parameter introduction:
/? The format and parameters of ipconfig are described in English.
/All: displays all configuration information about the IP address.
Main function: displays the IP Protocol configuration information of the user's host.
Detailed introduction: The ipconfig program displays the specific configuration information of the IP protocol in the form of a Windows window. If the ipconfig command is run without any parameters, the program displays the physical address of the network adapter, Host IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway in the window. You can also use this program to view host information such as host name, DNS server, and node type. The physical address of the network adapter is useful when detecting network errors. In the command prompt, type ipconfig /? You can get help with ipconfig, and Type ipconfig/all to get all the attributes of IP configuration.
For example: if you want to quickly understand the specific configuration of the IP protocol of a host, you can use the ipconfig command to detect the protocol. The procedure is as follows: first click the Start Menu, find the run command from the pop-up menu, and then the program opens a dialog box titled run, in this dialog box, you can directly enter the ipconfig command, and then click the Enter key. We will see an interface shown in the left figure. If you want to learn more about other IP protocol configurations of the host, such as DNS server and DHCP server, you can click the "details" button on the interface.

Iii. tracert
Format: tracert [-D] [-H maximum_hops] [-J host_list] [-W timeout]
Parameter introduction:
-D does not parse the name of the target host
-H maximum_hops: specifies the maximum number of hops for the target address to be searched.
-J host_list: Release the source route according to the address in the host list.
-W timeout specifies the timeout interval. The default time unit of the program is milliseconds.
Main functions: determine the path through which the data packet arrives at the target host, display the list of relay nodes and the arrival time of the data packet.
Details: this application is mainly used to display the path through which data packets arrive at the destination host. The command format is to enter the following command in the doscommand prompt or directly in the running dialog box: tracert Host IP address or host name. The execution result returns the list of Interrupt sites that have occurred before the data packets arrive at the target host, and displays the time when the data packets arrive at each slave site. This function is similar to the ping command, but it displays more details than the ping command. It sends the request package to a site, all the routes you use tell you what the IP address is through the route and what the latency is through the IP address. The specific tracert command can be followed by many parameters. You can type tracert and press enter, which will be described in detail.
For example: if you want to learn more about the transmission path between your computer and the target host, you can use the tracert command to check. The procedure is as follows: first click the Start menu button, find the run command from the pop-up menu, and then the program opens a dialog box titled run, in this dialog box, enter the tracert www.chinayancheng.net command and click the Enter key. We will see an interface shown in the right figure. Of course you can also in the MS-DOS mode, enter tracert www.chinayancheng.net command, also can see the results of the screen on the right. In this picture, we can track the path information of the target website www.chinayancheng.net in detail, for example, how many information transshipment passes through, and how long it takes to pass through a transshipment station each time. Through these times, we can easily find out where the line between the user host and the target website is faulty. If we add some parameters after the tracert command, we can also detect other more detailed information. For example, you can use the-D parameter to specify the domain name of the target host when the program tracks the path information of the host.

Iv. netstat
Format: netstat [-R] [-S] [-N] [-A]
Parameter introduction:
-R: displays the content of the local route entry.
-S: displays the usage status of each Protocol (including TCP, UDP, and IP)
-N: the address and port are displayed in a digital table.
-A: displays the port numbers of all hosts.
Main function: This command allows you to know how your host is connected to the Internet.
Detailed introduction: The netstat program helps us understand the overall usage of the network. It displays the details of active network connections, such as network connections, route tables, and network interfaces, so that you can know which network connections are currently running. We can use netstat /? Command to view the Command Format and detailed parameter description. The command format is to enter the following command in the doscommand prompt or directly in the "run" dialog box: netstat [parameter], using the parameter function provided by the program, we can understand other functions of this command, such as displaying Ethernet statistics and the usage status of all protocols, including TCP, UDP, and IP. In addition, you can select a specific protocol and view its specific usage information. It also displays the port numbers of all hosts and Detailed Routing Information of the current host.
For example, if you want to know the egress address, gateway address, and machine address of the Information Network Center node of Yancheng City, you can use the netstat command to query the information. The procedure is as follows: click the "Start" menu button and find the "run" command from the pop-up menu. Then, the program opens a dialog box titled "run, in this dialog box, enter the netstat command and click the Enter key. We will see an interface shown in the left figure. Of course you can also enter the netstat command in MS-DOS mode. On the page on the left, we can see the protocol type used by the user host, the IP addresses of the current host and the remote host, and the connection status between them.