Detailed introduction and difference of the black and white degraded Tablets

Let's start with a complete wafer (Wafer:

Is Intel's 25nm NAND wafer.

Terminology: wafer is the wafer shown in the image, which is composed of pure silicon (SI. It is generally divided into 6 inch, 8 inch, and 12 inch specifications. The wafer is produced based on this wafer. A small piece on wafer is a wafer, known as die. It is encapsulated and becomes a particle. A Wafer carrying a NAND Flash wafer, wafer first goes through cutting, and then testing, removing the intact, stable, and sufficient-capacity die, encapsulating and forming the NAND flash chip that is seen on a daily basis. So what is left on wafer is either unstable or partially damaged, so it is insufficient capacity or completely damaged. Considering the quality assurance, the factory will announce the death of such die, which is strictly defined as all scrap disposal.




After a qualified die is cut down, the original wafer will look like a new one.Downgrade flash Wafer.




These residual die are actually unqualified wafers. The part taken by the producer, that is, the black part, is a qualified die and will be encapsulated by the original manufacturer to make the finished NAND particles, but the unqualified part, that is, the part left in the figure is treated as a waste.

After talking about this, readers should have a certain understanding of the wafer manufacturing process. That is to say, after the wafer is produced, the qualified die is left by the factory and further encapsulated into particles, unqualified die units are discarded as defective products. If you leave this blank, it becomes"Original" and "black". As a result, we can immediately know that the original slice is a product with a high price, while the black slice is treated as garbage. ** the price is very low and is calculated in tons.


So what is "white film? ActuallyThe white slice is the defective Particles detected in the encapsulated original slice, and then the garbage is eliminated.. Genuine NAND cannot contain white slices. However, in order to reduce some of the manufacturing costs, the wafer manufacturer will also ** Add the white slices that have not been marked with the standard to downstream channels, and then add other flags to the white slices **.
Therefore, black and white chips are actually the edges produced during the chip manufacturing process,Black slice is the part that has been eliminated in the raw material phase, while white slice is the finished product and then unqualified samples are detected.. We all know that edges are also useful, so there is an industry chain, that is, recycling of scrap in the chip industry.

Some of the black films are still available and will flow out to downstream packaging plants in the form of wafers, because the original factory will not encapsulate problematic die. The problematic die is tested and filtered by downstream packaging plants, and the reusable parts can be left with encapsulation. Black films are not encapsulated by the original manufacturer, but are encapsulated by the downstream manufacturers themselves, so the appearance looks very rough and is often not labeled. Many cheap MP3 and USB flash drives are made of black clips.

The white slice is the granules after packaging and then eliminated. Therefore, it is only in the particle form and is encapsulated by the original manufacturer. The only difference with the original slice is that it is not labeled.. These white slices will also be tested and filtered by downstream vendors **, but will be marked again (not the original manufacturer ). Therefore, we can see in the above text that the vertex2 120g particles of ocz are non-micron marks, that is, they have the characteristics of white tablets.

In terms of quality, the black chip NAND is very bad, because the factory has already sentenced it to death, but the downstream plants have reduced its capacity and then sold it, that is, castrated, however, the quality is still poor. Buying such particles is equivalent to gambling. The quality of white-chip NAND is still guaranteed. After screening, the performance and service life indicators are close to that of the original chip. Because the reliability of black-chip NAND is very poor, even if the ephemeral SSD is not used, they will choose a more secure white-chip NAND. Although the restoration rate of the sold SSD is high, the price advantage is, there is still a certain sales volume of shanzhai SSD.

We will write a separate article about the chip detection process and technology.

After the above technical introduction, we know the differences between the original and white films and the black ones. The source is the best quality NAND granules, followed by the white ones and the black ones. The price of the source disk and the white disk SSD can also be significantly separated. The original SSD is the most expensive, and the price of the white disk SSD will be much cheaper, with a price difference of more than 30%. (Solid state disks cannot be used as solid state disks .) However, we all know that ocz is a well-known brand, and its Chinese name is the name of the US Commodity hunger shark. It can be seen that it is not a shanzhai. Their SSD prices are also in the medium and high prices, and the vertex2 series using the sandforce controller has excellent performance and many buyers.