Detailed steps for routing protocol and Configuration

We know a wide range of knowledge about the routing protocol. Here we mainly introduce the detailed steps of the routing protocol and configuration. We all know that the main functions of the router are addressing and forwarding. Addressing is implemented through the routing algorithm. The routing algorithm adds different information collected to the routing table, while forwarding is performed through the routing table. Vrouters communicate with each other, update and maintain route tables, and mutual communication between vrouters involves the routing protocol.

The routing protocol mainly consists of static routes and dynamic routes. Static Routing: manually entered by the network administrator. Dynamic Routing: automatically adapts to changes in network topology or traffic through the routing selection protocol. Static Routing has the advantages of simplicity, efficiency, and high priority.

Static route Configuration:

Routerconfig) ip route + non-direct connection network segment + subnet mask + next hop address
Routerconfig) # exit

Dynamic Routing can be divided into the Internal Gateway Protocol (IGP) and the external Gateway Protocol (BGP) based on whether it is used in an autonomous system. Common internal gateway protocols include RIP and OSPF, external gateway protocol has BGP, BGP-4, here mainly talk about the Internal Gateway Routing protocol: RIPRouting Information protocol) is a distance vector routing protocol, because of its simple, reliable, easy to configure, therefore, it is widely used. However, because the maximum number of hops is 15 and 16 is inaccessible, it is only suitable for small networks, in addition, the route information broadcast once every 30 s is also one of the important reasons for the network broadcast storm.

RIP Configuration:

Routerconfig) # router rip
Routerconfig-router) # network-number
Network_number is the direct connection CIDR Block of the vro.

Due to the limitations of RIP, A New Route Selection Protocol emerged: IGRP, IGRPInteroor Gateway Routing Protocol) IGRP broke the 15-hop limit, it became the preferred protocol for RIP and IGRP for large CISCO networks at that time. routes are updated on a regular basis from all configuration interfaces. However, RIP is measured by the number of hops. IGRP establishes the optimal route path with multiple factors; Bandwidth), Delay), Reliability), and LOAD) but its disadvantage is that it does not support VLSM and discontinuous subnets.

IGRP Configuration:

Routerconfig) # router igrp 100100 is the autonomous system number)
Routerconfig-router) # network-number
Routerconfig-router) # exit

Note:

1) The valid range of the serial number is 1-65535. The serial number is used to determine the vrouters and interfaces with the same regional serial numbers;
2) vrouters with different numbers do not participate in route update.

EIGRPEnhanced Interoor Gateway Routing Protocol) is the most typical balanced Hybrid Routing selection Protocol. It integrates the advantages of Distance Vector and link status Routing selection protocols and uses the scattering update algorithm, high routing performance can be achieved. It is characterized by irregular update, that is, only some update routes are sent when the router changes the metering standard or the topology changes. Supports VSLM with a variable-length subnet mask. routes can be seamlessly exchanged between the same autonomous system number and the IGRP. The configuration of VPN is roughly the same as that of IGRP:

Routerconfig) # router eigrp100 indicates the autonomous system number)
Routerconfig-router) # network
Network-number routerconfig-router) # exit

OSPF

OSPF is a link status routing protocol. The so-called link status refers to the status of the router interface, such as UP, DOWN, IP, network type, and other link status information through the link status announcement LSA) each vro released to the Internet. Each vro establishes a topological database about the network through the LSA information, which can be used in a large network and supports VLSM using bandwidth as a measurement value, fast Convergence, efficient network management through partitioning.