Experiencing life with aesthetic feelings 08 from theology to science

After the science has developed, the development of science has promoted the prosperity of philosophy, that is to say, the great success of science has promoted the development of positivism and scientism.

Why is science suddenly so hot in our society today? Probably a lot of people will say, science is strong Ah, useful ah, many of our classmates chose to learn science and engineering, I think a very big reason, is that I learn this good to earn money, find work, plainly is useful pragmatism.

So from modern philosophy to modern philosophy, it is a taste of science, in this context, how to deal with philosophy? Is the modern philosophy is not enough science, I can give him more scientific, and then progress some, this is the scientist to look at philosophy.

In this way, the scientism came out, positivism came out, the first half of the 19th century century France's Spencer and the British, the demonstration of the positivism, what does it mean? The evidence is true meaning, this hole tak he thinks that science is an example, this is also a kind of spirit of pragmatism idea, so our social science also should positivism, anti-metaphysics.

What is evidence, plainly is to see the touch can be tested, he thinks that natural science is empirical, social science must also be empirical, otherwise it can not be called science.

Where does this point come from? In fact, the human spirit of the Comte is divided into three stages of thought.

At the earliest stage of theology, the theological phase emphasized that all causal relations were attributed to God's will.

This is our earliest study, there is not a lot of causality in the world, but the source of causation, how to understand it, you such as thunder, why Thunder, why Flash? The primitive man would take it for granted that God was angry.

This explanation is not good, this explanation is very good! In the absence of science, do you think there is a better explanation than this? You see God angry this very image ah, or really cut down, really killed people, that is, with God to explain everything in this world, all of man, the universe, all is God arranged, you see God arrangement of how good, feeding frenzy small fish eat shrimp, this one ring of eat down, everybody live, How harmonious the world is!

Why do you think there is such a harmonious world? Who is it that God created? This was beyond the comprehension of the people at the time. You said that on this earth will appear so many different colors of people, so many animals, various, who arranged? The arrangement is so thorough! Who else do you have besides God? No, this is the world that people in the theological stage understand.

So you see why religion has such a strong power, because he uses such a concept to explain, sometimes you can not refute, the only thing you retort is God I have not seen, but if there is God, then all this is not all explained?

The second stage is the metaphysical stage.

Metaphysics is the use of abstract ideas to replace the will of God to explain causation, that is, because of what is between and fruit.

He is not God, with the metaphysical concept, you see our two lovers in love, you say the two lovers why love, this causality how to explain?

Now I find that there is a very good explanation, this explanation is called fate, yes, why I love you, why you, the world's millions of people why must be with you, in addition to the fate of how to explain it!

You said there, better than this explanation, you use the rational interpretation of mathematics can not explain it, ah, fate is explained, so that fate is metaphysical, metaphysical concept of what meaning? You are not good to explain, but fate, you can explain this phenomenon well, you say in the vast sea of people, you find the person you love this call has fate, can not find that there has been no fate, but now there is a problem, some older girl through this to explain after she did not find, anyway, where is the fate? I don't have to look for it when you're there, but it's useless if you don't.

This explanation everyone is comfortable, the whole world is explained, you see how many people still believe this theorem Ah! I tell you that even a lot of highly educated people, and many in-depth scientific training, she still believe that this explanation method is what? It is called metaphysical interpretation method.

Purely in the mind of the imagination, can not use the empirical test, but also can not say clearly what this fate is, the evidence does not exist, just a concept, of course, can not prove, is it, but you can not say, she can not explain something, this is the second stage of the human spirit, the metaphysical stage.

The third stage is the science that we often talk about.

What is science? Is the demonstration, the observation of things to be described, without the subjective imagination and abstract interpretation.

Science should not be just a concept in the mind, why is it so? You have to explain it with the tangible evidence that you can see, and that is science.

We are now the concept of people from here, is the first step this is empirical, we science is not to say this positivism?

Well, that's what Mach says is the third stage of the human spirit, Mach believes that our social sciences, like natural science, are empirical.

You know that in the social sciences the concept of the positive is also very strong, the sociological writing is a quantitative relationship, is a descriptive step-by-step derivation of the proof. You, for example, a lot of social and economic phenomena have a positive interpretation of the color, I would like to give an example of stocks.

This stock, many are technical analysis in the inside, what Yang Line Yin Line K line, and so on, a lot of so-called experts like the Heavenly book, when the peak when the trough, speak well, what to a certain end will fall, to a certain low point must rebound, do you believe?

I tell you there is really this thing, people can't hold, because true or false in the inside, sometimes right, sometimes wrong. What three waves four waves five waves these theories (everybody do not laugh, I am not nonsense, I very early on this aspect also has the research) Ah, make that whole logic analysis inside, later I think about, this is actually a philosophical question.

I wonder if the stock will follow the curve we analyzed, according to our will? What do you mean, what's going on, I'm telling you, I came up with something, what was it? Everyone does not know this set of theories, know that after everyone is the norm, then I based on the analysis of the curve, the rebound when everyone bought, fell when everyone was thrown, in fact, what is it? We have a theory that everyone has done according to this theory, and that the stock market has gone according to that curve, is it completely scientific? I was thinking that we should consider this question, whether the stock is completely based on that curve, or when humans know the curve theory, follow that curve to go, in fact, the latter is the essence.

We all know this curve theory, online one said you look tomorrow, the stock market trend is what a look, the day after tomorrow is which point to get up, if we all believe this, 123 everyone march in, that is not up?

Of course there are mistakes in this theory, but you have to know that all the technical faction is rich by this theory, this is the so-called stock inside the prediction theory, which has a lot of mathematical analysis, data calculation, its logical analysis is very strong, but you have to know that many people are not able to understand this theory, So for the fundamentals, most of the time, technical analysts always make money.

And this technical analysis also has a lot of emergencies, do not make the money you have earned in the original. From this point, especially in the imperfect market economy in China, the stock trend curve, in fact, can not be analyzed.

Of course, again, like the social sciences, economic you have to complete the scientific possibility? It's hard, why is it hard? Because these are people's psychology in action, everyone's psychology is not the same, you have to add up all the psychological statistics, to form a so-called trend curve is not possible, at least not as easy as the Newton theory so sure.

You say if the big environment has changed, there are variables, such as war outbreaks, natural disasters, national major policy adjustment, such as a large listed company accident, the small investors immediately have to throw Ah, otherwise, you said this time will follow the curve go, so the stock market is often full of irrational, Will cause you to fail the analysis model, you have to re-establish a new model, the original is no longer useful.

Having said so much, I am still exploring the empirical question of science. This is the first stage of science.

In 19th century Mach came out, and the German Avenalius. At that time Mach, these scientists are very different from our scientists today, when a large number of scientists first received the education is philosophy, is that they are a great philosopher, they think science is not only to meet the science, that is, the concept of science, what is science, or from the philosophical point of view to say clearly , then how to speak clearly, then back to philosophy.

What does Mach propose? Empiricism and critique, he believes that the critique of material entities, space-time, causality and inevitability illegally brought into the experience. What do you mean? The more you look at things is abstract, inexperienced, the result of your full range of experience inside went, that innate consciousness, the product of subjective awareness must be cleared away, science as long as pure experience to form the world.

We have learned science, the so-called pure experience is to do experiments, a professional science to go into the laboratory, that most of his life is generally in the laboratory, and mathematics is not the same, mathematics do not enter the laboratory, because mathematics is not a natural science, but once said the natural science to go to the laboratory.

Why? Because of experience, with experience to judge, where the experience from, must through continuous practice, other methods are not certain. Then this time the positivism further develops, Mach has put forward the element to say. He thought that only color, sound, pressure, size and other elements of the compound, to form objects.

Feel the compound, what does that mean? That is to say, in my physics, only I can see the touch of the object, to be a science, otherwise it is not science.

For example, nature, free will, soul, is there a soul? There, where is the soul? See, he thinks these concepts, you can not put into the realm of science, what else, such as material, deportment, these are very abstract and even atoms, he does not think that all belong to science, from this point of view of the natural scientists, he thought very deep ah!

It was not an atomic concept at the time, but the atom was not able to prove its existence by experiment, unseen, just an abstract concept, I tell you about science, what is the empirical evidence, to what extent? Until today, there is no way to make it clear.

If you think that atoms do not see, the concept of the atom is not, how to study physics? The problem is that you can not see also to assume that it has ah, otherwise can not be falsified, then you can not see the hypothetical things put in, then you this science is empirical?

In fact, our science to today still have a lot of problems not clear, has not been resolved. You said, like force, I pushed you a bit, you poured it! This force you see, the question is, before I push you, where is the force? Can you experience the force? Can't see, there is more mysterious gravitation, why gravitation has gravitational force? Gravity depends on what things hold, according to reason where you are I am here ah, we will have gravity between it, then we rely on what gravity, ah, abstract ah, and then made out a mass and distance and other related parameters, and then to explain the gravity.

It is such a classic theory, in fact, there are a lot of scientists think of things in the inside, according to the imagination to describe him, and then through the abstract formula to prove that he is right, in fact, he even the most basic so-called science that the evidence does not exist.

Of course, more I am not here to elaborate, and now a lot of science is still Xuan, you like Hawking said those things are true Xuan Ah, what the Big bang, what black hole, what strange point, what dark matter, what four-dimensional space, what another space there is a person like me, all the imagination in the mind, Although a lot of people know these concepts, from the root, I do not understand, he imagined the universe as a flat nucleus, the longer it became a ball, this time and space is curved, can you imagine this is what the world?

And then say our universe is like a walnut-shaped thing that grows out of the Big bang, I wonder what was before the explosion, it must have been a very small thing before the explosion, that is, he said that the extremely small walnut-like world before what? Why so extremely small things, exploding out so big things, the universe is still exploding.

When you think like this, people go crazy, so I always say, can science and philosophy separate? Science is just a subset of philosophy, so Qian Xuesen once said that philosophy is the King of Science.

Certainly can't separate, but I tell you the scientist has a very tenacious belief, must divide the philosophy and the science separate, obviously the scientist is engaged in the philosophy, he has to say that I do is the science, he just grabbed a few evidences to prove, then he said this is the science.

But you have to know that some of the evidence is weak, weak and easily overturned. You say the continental Drift says, can you believe that Africa's land rafting to North America, of course, he has some evidence, such as on the map, as if it can be a piece of land, but the evidence can prove that the continental drift has happened, you did not see it, and can not be proved by experiments, but I tell you, It is precisely this theory is a good theory ah, is the most difficult to believe the theory is just good theory, because amazing ah!

But do you think these theories have no philosophy? Is the middle jumping of those thinking produced philosophy, I tell you a great scientist Darwin, in the Science house than Darwin's great characters are basically few, but I tell you Calvin's hypothesis is fundamentally a philosophical question, how can you say that people are from the monkey to change?

What do you see, you said the past people have tails, the tail slowly become shorter and smaller change no, you do not personally see a person change over the process, how can you think how to determine it? Are you not science-conscious positivism? Then you prove to me, and then give me a change, see, once the science goes deep, ah, if there is no philosophy can?

Human beings have not solved this problem, also can not solve, is the chicken has the problem of laying eggs and raw chickens.

But Positivism has a tenacious belief, what is this complete belief, I want to be strong with the evidence to explain the problem, so you see our natural science teachers and students, this belief is strong and strong. This is a very firm point of view after modern science, that is positivism.

In fact, there are also some logical reasoning, positivism in philosophy.

In response to these problems, Mach puts forward the principle of thinking economy. The most economical and simplest of the smallest, but also to explain all the problems, such a theory is the best theory. This is the famous thought economy principle.

The theory is that we can feel what scientists are thinking, science is just a phenomenon, you can actually change a lot of theories, so in many theories, which theory is the best? He thinks the simplest, the most illustrative of the theory, is the best.

Is it clear that science pursues truth, then why is simplicity the truth? It is a matter of philosophy that this thing goes deeper. Then we turn to the reason why complexity is not the truth, simple is the good truth, we often see the value of science, these are in fact the question of value judgments.

Frankly speaking, these things are people to set, but who set the more reasonable and more convincing, it became his thoughts. So it's just some of the greatest scientists who have the most access to philosophy.

If we learn philosophy well, it is absolutely not a bad thing for us to make science, and it is not a bad thing for our life. I combine these ideas to look back at my computer work, and then to experience the feeling of my life, I found today really different, really live very interesting ah!

You don't read philosophy, no matter who you are, your understanding of the world is not so deep, where is it? It is what the scientists themselves cannot see, and philosophy sees through it.

This is a second step in science, and Mach puts forward the scientific spirit of positivism. The standard of sensory doctrine to distinguish between science and metaphysics.

What do you see in physics, is to see and touch the experiment, this is the shape and down, but there is a metaphysical, that is to say you can not touch, such as Soul Life, happy love, these things are actually very mysterious, are metaphysical, you say these are not important? It is precisely these are the most important for people, otherwise people are still alive what is the meaning of it!

You say the soul of happiness is very important, but these are precisely in physics is not transparent. But natural science has a very strong concept, because can not solve, no way to not study, it is necessary to exclude these things.

Our science is purely metaphysical and uses objective mechanisms to illustrate all problems. Of course, this is the ideal, if you can really do it, it is very. In fact, I still can't do it. It is said that Einstein made the theory that the speed of light does not change, these are in the brain to think out of the theory, you can see, through the experiment to prove it, can not be tested, then you can not prove that now, it is wrong. Including Einstein's theory of relativity, this is his most brilliant place, where his science and philosophy have been confused.

Einstein finally said this famous words, modern science with speculative nature, Yang Ning said more hanging, mechanics go to the end is philosophy, philosophy go to the end is religion, he said right I do not comment.

We have to think about it, is that the relationship between science and philosophy is very deep, including our life, all kinds of social and economic phenomena, in the final analysis to explain, go to the end is philosophy.

Experiencing life with aesthetic feelings 08 from theology to science