Explanation of Common English names of Image Processing

Algebraic operation algebra is an image processing operation that includes the sum, difference, product, and quotient of the two images corresponding to pixels.

Aliasing is an artificial trace generated when the pixel distance between the image and the image details are too large.

Arc; a part of an image; represents a collection of connected pixels in a curve segment.

Binary image; only two levels of gray digital images (usually 0 and 1, black and white)

Blur; image clarity decreases due to defocus, low-pass filtering, and camera motion.

Border; the first, last, or column of an image.

Boundary chain code Boundary chaincodes; defines the direction sequence of an object Boundary.

Boundary pixel; Interior pixels adjacent to at least one background pixel (comparison: External pixel, internal pixel)

Boundary tracking; an image segmentation technique that explores the arc from a pixel sequence to the next pixel by detecting the arc.

Brightness; a value related to a point in the image, indicating the amount of light emitted or emitted from the object at that point.

Change detection; compares the pixels of two quasi-images through subtraction to detect the differences between objects.

Class; see module or Class

Closed curve; a curve in the same position at the first and last points.

Cluster clustering and Cluster; a set of points close to each other in a space (such as a feature space.

Cluster analysis; detection, measurement, and description of clustering in space.

Concave. An object is Concave. It refers to a point in at least two objects, and its link cannot be completely contained in the object (the antonym is convex)

Connected

Contour encoding; an image compression technology that only encodes its boundary for areas with even gray scale.

Contrast; the difference between the average brightness (or gray scale) of an object and its surrounding background

Contrast stretch Contrast extension; a linear grayscale Transformation

Convex is Convex. An object is Convex. A straight line connecting any two points inside an object falls inside the object.

Convolution: Convolution is an operation that combines two functions into a third function. Convolution depicts the operation of a linear shift-free system.

Convolution kernel; 1, a two-dimensional digital array used for digital image Convolution filtering; 2, a function for Convolution with images or signals.

Curve; 1. A continuous path of space; 2 indicates a set of pixels of a path (see the arc and closed Curve ).

Deblurring deblur; 1. An operation to reduce image blur and sharpen image details. 2. Removing or downgrading the blur of an image is usually a step of image restoration or reconstruction.

Demo-rule Decision rules: in pattern recognition, it is used to assign objects in an image to a certain number of rules or algorithms. This assignment is based on object feature measurements.

Digital image; 1 indicates an integer array of the scene image; 2 a two-dimensional or higher-dimensional sampling and quantization function, which is produced by continuous images of the same dimension, 3. Samples a continuous function on a rectangle (or other) network and quantifies the value at the sampling point.

Digital image processing; operations on image information by computers.

Digitization: the process of converting a scene image into a digital form.

Edge; 1 in the area where Gray changes occur in the image; 2 is a pixel set on an arc, and the pixels on the other side are significantly different from those on the other side.

Edge detection: an image segmentation technique that identifies Edge pixels by checking the neighborhood.

Edge enhancement: an image processing technology that enhances the image Edge by comparing and expanding the pixels on both sides of the Edge.

Edge image. In an Edge image, each pixel is either marked as an Edge or non-Edge.

Edge linking Edge connection; an image processing technology that connects Edge pixels into edges in Edge images.

Edge operator, which marks Edge pixels in an image.

Edge pixel; Edge pixel.

Enhanced Enhance; increases contrast or subjective visibility.

Exterior pixels external pixels; in a binary image, pixels outside the object (relative to internal pixels)

False negative: negative False positive recognition. In two types of pattern recognition, objects are marked as non-objects by mistake.

False positive/False positive.

Feature; a Feature of an object that can be measured. Helps to classify objects. Such as size, texture, and shape.

Feature extraction Feature Detection: a step in pattern recognition to calculate the measurement of an object.

Feature selection; a step in pattern recognition system development. It is intended to study whether quality or observation can be used to assign objects to a certain category.

Feature space; see measurement space

The Fourier transform Fourier transformation adopts the complex exponent as a linear transformation of the kernel function.

Geometric correction ry correction; adopts a Geometric transformation to eliminate Geometric distortion of an image restoration technology.

Gray level: Gray level; 1. The value associated with the pixels of a digital image, which indicates the brightness of the original scene point of the pixel. 2. Digital Measurement of the local properties of an image at a pixel position.

Gray scale grayscale; A set of all possible Gray levels in a digital image

Gray-scale transformation Gray scale conversion is a function in point operations, which establishes the relationship between the input Gray scale and the corresponding output Gray scale.

Hankel transform Hankel transformation

Harmonic signal; complex signal with Cosine real part and sine imaginary part combination of the same frequency

Hermite function; a complex function with an even real and odd virtual part

Highpass filtering high-pass filtering; image enhancement (usually convolution) operations, compared with the low-frequency part, it improves the high-frequency part.

Hole; in a binary image, a connected background point completely surrounded by an object's Interior Point

An Image. A unified representation of a physical scene or other images is called an Image.

Image compression: Image compression removes Image redundancy or any process similar to an Image, which is used to compact the Image in a more compact form.

Image coding: encodes an Image into another recoverable form (such as compression)

Image enhancement; Any processing to improve the visual appearance of the Image

Image matching: The process of quantifying and comparing the two images to determine their similarity.

Image-processing operation: a series of steps for converting an input Image into an output Image

Image reconstruction; process of constructing or recovering images from non-Image forms

Image registration: Performs geometric operations on one Image and another Image of the same Image to align the object.

Image restoration: Restores an Image to its original state through the process of inverse Image degradation.

Image segmentation; 1. Detect and outline the processing of objects of interest in the Image; 2. Divide the Image into unconnected areas. Generally, these regions correspond to objects and the background of objects.

Pixels in Interior pixel; pixels inside an object (relative to boundary pixel, external pixel) in a binary image)

Interpolation. The process of determining the sampling function between sampling points is called Interpolation.

Kernel Core

Line detection; an image segmentation technique that identifies linear pixels by checking the adjacent area

Line pixel linear pixels; pixels on an arc similar to a straight Line

Local operation: Local operation. The gray scale of the output pixel is determined based on the pixel gray scale of a neighboring area of the input pixel, which is the same as that of the neighboring area (comparison: vertex operation)

Local property Local features; interested features (such as the brightness or color of an optical image; non-Optical Image Height, temperature, density, etc.) that change with position in the image)

Lossless image compression non-distortion image compression; any image compression technology that allows full reconstruction of the original image.

Lossy image compression: Distorted image compression; because of its approximation, it cannot accurately reconstruct any image compression technology of the original image.

Matched filtering and filtering; use a matching wave to detect the existence and location of a specific object in the image

Measurement space: the n-dimensional vector space that contains all possible Measurement vectors in pattern recognition.

Misclassification; in pattern recognition, the object is mistakenly classified as another class.

Multispectral image multi-spectral image; a group of images of the same scene, each of which is produced by the different band radiation of the electromagnetic spectrum

Neighborhood; A set of pixels near a given pixel

Neighoorhood operation Neighoorhood Calculation

Noise; unrelated to the identification and interpretation of interest data in an image

Noise reduction; Any processing of Noise in a pair of images

Object target and Object. in pattern recognition, a set of connected pixels in a two-value image usually corresponds to an Object in the image.

Optical image: Results of the projection of light from a scene to a surface through an Optical device such as a lens

Pattern; a class member shows a common and meaningful regularity, which can be measured and used to classify objects of interest.

Pattern class, which can be used to assign any class of an object to an incompatible pre-defined class set.

Pattern classification; process of assigning objects to Pattern classes

Pattern recognition; automatic or semi-automatic detection, measurement, and classification of objects in an image

Pel pixel; abbreviation of Image element

Perimeter perimeter; the peripheral distance around the boundary of an object

Picture element: Image Element, pixel; minimum unit of digital image; basic unit of a Digital Image

Pixel; abbreviation of Image Element

Point Operation point operation. Only the image processing operation that determines the output gray value of the pixel based on the input gray value of the corresponding pixel (comparison: neighborhood Operation)

Quantitative image analysis image quantitative analysis; the process of extracting quantitative data from a digital image

Quantization quantization; the process of assigning the local characteristics of an image to elements in a gray set at each pixel

Region region; connected subset in a pair of images

Region growing area is growing. It is an image segmentation technology that repeatedly seeks the Union of adjacent sub-areas with similar gray or texture to form areas.

Registered is accurate; 1 is in the correct state, 2 or more images have been geometric tuned, and the objects in the images are consistent.

Registered image is a quasi-image. The two (or more) images of the same scene have their positions properly, so that the objects have the same image position.

Resolution resolution; 1. Minimum separation distance between the points and objects that can be distinguished in optics; 2. in image processing, the degree to which adjacent point objects in the image can be distinguished

Run stroke; in image encoding, connected pixel sequences with the same gray scale

Run Length: the length of the trip. The number of pixels in a thread.

Run length encoding travel encoding; image compression technology represented by travel sequence in image lines, each travel is defined by a given travel length and grayscale Value

Sampling (based on the Sampling network) the process of dividing an image into pixels and measuring its local characteristics (such as brightness and color)

Scene scenes; a distinctive layout of objective objects

Sharp clarity; easy resolution of image details

Sharpening; an image processing technology used to enhance image details

Sigmoid function S function. A function such as S is a gray-scale change function. It can also be used for processing unit (PE) functions in the neural network.

Sinusoidal sine type; function type with sine function shape

Smoothing; a graphic processing technology that reduces the image's details, usually used for Noise Reduction

Statistical pattern recognition; assign an object to pattern recognition Using Probability and Statistics

Structural pattern recognition Structure pattern recognition; a pattern recognition method for describing and classifying objects and representing objects as the basis element and Their Relationships

Syntactic pattern recognition syntax pattern recognition; A structure pattern recognition method that defines elements and their relationships using natural or artificial language patterns

System; anything that receives input and outputs

Texture, an attribute that represents the Gray Scale Amplitude of an image and the spatial organization of local changes in the image during image processing.

Thinning is a two-value image processing technology that compresses an object into a fine curve (single pixel width ).

Threshold; used to produce a specific gray scale of a binary image

Thresholding binarization; a grayscale image generates a binary image. If the gray value of the input pixel is greater than the given threshold, the output pixel is assigned 1; otherwise, the value is 0.

Transter function transfer function; in a linear shift-free system, the frequency function that expresses the amplitude ratio of the sine input signal at each frequency to the output signal.