Fault and solution of computer bus interface

Common faults and solutions for computer bus interface





once had such a statistical report: computer failure in 40% from the computer's bus interface! Since the computer is plugged together by a variety of accessories, it is difficult to ensure that each slot can work stably, such as this or that problem, although the search is cumbersome, but not surprising. Therefore, when you understand the impact of the bus interface on the computer, you cannot but try to sum up these failures. Otherwise, similar problems will be at their wits ' end. So, there will be today's this little article.





-Bus Fault classification




The bus class fault of the
computer is divided according to its relation with the bus, mainly has the fault of the bus design flaw, the bus controller fault, the bus interface class fault, the bus setting class fault, the bus equipment breakdown.





1, bus design defect fault





generally speaking, the bus itself design defects caused by the failure of the general computer enthusiasts can not rely on their own strength to solve, so some motherboard chipset manufacturers will take the motherboard or add patches to overcome the above defects. In addition, the motherboard manufacturers in the production process due to the unreasonable design (such as the unreasonable components layout wiring caused by the bus system to resist electromagnetic interference performance instability), the imperfect manufacturing process, as well as the use of components unqualified, etc. will cause the motherboard bus failure. In addition, the bus itself failure also includes the failure of the bus control.





2, bus controller failure





in this case, the bus controller fault refers to the bus controller chip itself manufacturing defects or acquired (such as the manufacturer's welding quality and users in the process of use due to improper use of the bus controller or its peripheral circuits and wiring damage) caused by the type of bus failure. In addition to the use of increased card used by the bus controller, the gold fingers and the contact between the motherboard is not the normal use of the bus controller, we can also be attributed to the bus controller failure class. Of course, the peripheral components of the bus controller damage or quality defects should also belong to the fault category of the bus controller.





3, Bus interface class fault





some buses are unavoidable in order to connect with peripheral devices using a control interface card. And the interface in use due to improper use is likely to cause socket deformation and contact bad, socket and motherboard connection line break, socket pin fault or skew.





4, Bus setup class fault





bus equipment to normal use, the computer in the correct setting of the bus device is also very important, especially in the CMOS in the setting of the bus device. If the setting is unreasonable, it is likely to cause failure of the bus device to use normally, for example, the setting of IDE device in CMOS is unreasonable, it may cause the computer not to use normally or even the hardware device is damaged. In addition to the operating system of some of the bus device settings are not correct will cause the bus set class failure, not only is the system properties of the settings, some hardware control driver or device control software unreasonable settings are likely to cause the bus set class failure. In addition, some bus controllers themselves in the installation of the use of some of the correct settings to be used well, such as the IDE device master-slave disk problem, SCSI device ID number problem and so on.





5, Bus equipment failure





bus and bus devices are always indispensable, and this derived from the bus equipment class fault is definitely strange. Here we will only the bus device and the relationship between the bus fault type is divided into the Bus equipment class fault list. For example, the bus device itself and the interface of the bus interface is incompatible, due to the bus equipment caused by the bus work is not normal and so on.





Second, the maintenance principle of bus fault





Whether it is the bus itself fault or bus interface or set up class failure We have mastered some of the necessary maintenance guidelines, then it will be more than half the effort.





1, understand the cause of the fault, look at the fault location





for any computer failure, in the maintenance must understand the cause of the fault and carefully analyze the probable fault to determine the location, so targeted.





2, attention to system settings, distinguish between soft and hard fault





What should I do if I have a bus failure? It is important that many bus-class failures are not caused by damage to the bus device, but because of improper setup of your system or software. Especially for CMOS settings, if you do not understand it, see the motherboard instructions, if not quite clear, you can select the CMOS load BIOS default Setup to use the BIOS default settings. In addition, for newer ata66/100 bus functions, if some of your equipment is too old or not support it, then you still do not turn on the system settings in the DMA option is good, some other drivers and hardware compatibility or own bugs, etc. will also cause the installation of bus and bus equipment work is not normal.





3, master the knowledge of the bus, to achieve targeted





no matter what equipment is repaired, if you lack a minimum understanding of the equipment, then maintenance will not be discussed. For some basic knowledge of the bus it is important to keep abreast of and learn about computer knowledge, especially for beginners.





4, do not forget to observe carefully, pay attention to the installation quality





no matter how high the level of the computer you repair, in the maintenance of computer equipment is not the fault of the equipment carefully observed and analyzed but hurried blindly, then the certainty of failure will let you "suffer" to go a lot of detours, carefully observe the bus controller and its peripheral components, the use of the interface is not damaged In addition to repair if you can not understand the cause of some failures, then you can carefully check the computer parts of the connection between the installation, will certainly let you in the maintenance of a good way, when necessary to clean up the dust before the bus equipment to reseat several times.





three, bus fault case analysis





understand some of the bus's fault instances will certainly allow you to solve the computer failure to play a extrapolate role.





1, an additional ATA66 control chip of BX motherboard, in the installation of SCSI card SCSI hard drive caused the system does not function correctly.





Failure Analysis: The machine has been used normally, but because the user purchased a SCSI hard drive, installed on the SCSI hard drive after the system crashed through the CMOS self-test. The SCSI card to the other model BX motherboard work properly, because the BX motherboard used by the ATA66 Bus controller chip in the motherboard after loading this patch in the system properties are shown as SCSI control card, Initially, the problem is caused by a conflict between this SCSI bus control card and the ATA66 Bus controller integrated with BX board.





you know, a system can install up to four SCSI adapter card, and SCSI card has a grab interrupt problem, the general SCSI card can be through the card above the jumper set to four different types of interrupt is INTA/INTB/INTC/INTD, default to INTA, If you have a SCSI problem, you can replace the jumper to try, generally can be effective. This method is useless, then remove or disable the motherboard new ATA66 control program after the SCSI card should be installed properly, in addition to the user if you do not want to discard the ATA66 function can be replaced by a SCSI card to try. It is important to note that some of the additional ata66/100 control chips on the motherboard are also easy to conflict with system or IDE devices, causing the system or device to not function properly, for which you can update the operating system or BIOS or use an updated driver or pay attention to IDE devices and ata66/ The order in which the installation of 100 features is enabled.





2, a computer installed with 50x Optical drive, when the CD-ROM drive to open the DMA function, resulting in the system when the panic failure.





Failure Analysis: This optical drive support ATA33 function, after turning on the DMA function should be able to operate normally, open the computer chassis check the IDE wiring device connection, CD-ROM is connected to the IDE2 interface should be correct, try to replace the connection data line after the fault is still, to determine the optical drive on the DMA function Due to the inability to boot into the system and then remove the optical drive connection smoothly into the system after eliminating the DMA option on the "Hook", the fault is excluded. In this case, it is considered that the DMA options for the light drive do not necessarily enhance the performance of the optical drive, and that this function should be used sparingly for some systems.





3, a Pⅲ-level computer, the failure of a hard disk, the fault appears as a click on the hard disk letter is the failure of the system crash.





Failure Analysis: This problem is more special, first of all, the system antivirus treatment, invalid, found in DOS into the hard disk partition system is normal, it is suspected that Windows operating system to use a long time out of the problem, reinstall the operating system, failure to resolve, but when the DMA option to select the hard disk support , again appears the mouse to click the hard disk letter when the panic failure. Then open the chassis carefully check the connection of the hard disk, the hard disk for a support of the ATA100 30G hard drive, separate connected to the IDE1 interface, try to replace the ATA66 connector and other manufacturers of hard disk failure still, had to cancel the hard drive ATA66 support function. However, why does a selected ata66/100 function support system crash? It suddenly occurred to me that this motherboard is using a separate ATA100 control chip to support, carefully observed its ATA100 function chip found no strange, hand touch--some hot, how can this? Originally this chip is designed to be closer to the CPU and its thermal stability is more and more temperature of the CPU heat a "probation" work is somewhat unstable, try to give the CPU to replace more powerful cooling fan after the failure to resolve. In this case, you can see that many computer failures are not necessarily in the parts themselves.





4, a user in the AGP 2x motherboard using the newly purchased AGP 4x GEFORCE2 MX video card, there is a random flower screen failure, and run some large software or 3D game system to reboot themselves.





5, a MVP3 motherboard Windows 97 operating system computer, its pioneer 32x optical drive Prompts "IDE Bus master Error" when entering Windows system and a failure in the Windows system where the letter is frequently lost.





fault analysis: IDE bus master is ata33/66/100 in the Windows System Driver control program, suggesting that its error is likely to be it and the optical drive, such as the conflict caused by the update installation via four in one drive no longer appear "IDE buses Master error, the optical drive letter is also back to normal, the failure is resolved. In this case, we want to tell beginners that some of the IDE bus master programs in some old motherboards and non-Intel compliant motherboards have some compatibility problems with some IDE devices, These problems can be solved by installing the motherboard or IDE device patches provided by the manufacturer or by the All-in-one drive such as via four.





6, a computer after the replacement of the motherboard reboot computer after the power supply light, but the system does not self-test monitor black screen fault.





Fault Analysis: Open the chassis, careful observation, found that the CPU fan normal operation, turn off the power after carefully check the board's installation quality, focus on reinstalling the memory and graphics card, check the relevant board jumper situation, confirm the correct, hence using the "minimum system method" to eliminate the fault. Remove the hard drive, such as cable, only the motherboard, CPU, memory, video card of the smallest system, the system opened smoothly after the boot. will focus on the optical drive and hard disk connection, when installed on the above fault after the optical drive, the CD-ROM is connected to the IDE2 bus interface, check found that the optical drive connection with the IDE cable connector without anti-plug convex block, is it the reverse? Take a closer look at sure, the correct after the system normal start. In this example, beginners can understand the correctness of connection line connection is very important.





7, a MX200,HX motherboard of the computer after the replacement of the MVP4 motherboard, the floppy drive can not be used, the PCI sound card is missing, the graphics card is not normal installation-after each load driver restart the computer after the computer can only 16 colors.





Failure Analysis: In general, this type of failure can occur after replacing the motherboard on the old system, because the original Windows system will conflict with the correct use of the new motherboard system after the motherboard is replaced, especially the new motherboard bus control device driver is not normal assembly. You can try to remove the "Device Manager" with yellow "!" "The project and the" PCI bus "and the graphics card driver reboot the computer. Windows can reinstall a new variety of bus control devices. If this method is still not a good solution to this type of failure, then it is advisable to reinstall the windows!





8, an operating system for Windows 98 Pⅱ computer appears after installing new software to reboot the computer and cannot find the drive letter.





Failure Analysis: After the anti-virus check "Control Panel/system", found that several hard disk partitions are prompted in MS-DOS compatibility mode, check the Device Manager of the IDE device-related options, found that "hard disk controller" on the top two options are yellow "? ", this is the two IDE bus interface on the motherboard, remove the" VIA bus MASTER PCI IDE CONTROLLER "entry in the hard disk controller of this motherboard, reboot the computer to install the corresponding driver, and the system returns to normal.