FI/CO Glossary (non-original)

Last month, I took the ABAP certification test in Japan and was lucky enough to pass it. Last year's painstaking efforts have not been wasted. Recently, I started to find a module to learn about SD. It is simple to say that SD is simple. experienced people suggest that I start from SD and give a certificate first. However, when returning to China, this is not the case. Domestic and local certification is not required. If there is a certificate and no certificate, the difference is not big. The key is personal experience. This is quite different from Japan. Well, I want to build Fi and CO modules in the future. Let's start with these two modules. I am also interested, and it is said that it is also the core of SAP.

Before returning home, I bought two books in Japan. It's about accounting. To be honest, it's really good. I feel that people who write books are indeed competent. Unlike some Chinese people who copy books everywhere, they still use the name of a university professor. Hi, I can't help it. I always have an impulse to translate Japanese books into Chinese, but I am afraid that I will be involved in copyright issues. When the paragraph is over, consider it.

The term fi/Co. Many concepts are hard to understand when I look at the module over the past few days, especially when I am a layman in finance and accounting, I copied some stuff online and put it here.

 

 

● Company code: from the financial management design point of view, the company code is set based on the enterprise that serves as the legal entity and needs to disclose financial information externally and perform tax payment, at the same time, we also need to consider its overall organizational structure to determine the final enterprise structure settings.

 

● Subject summary table: a set of accounting Subject codes and names. The data in the Shaanxi Electric Power summary table is maintained at the provincial/municipal level. A subject summary table can be allocated to many company codes.

 

● Cost Control scope: the cost control scope is the most important and basic enterprise structure unit in the CO module. Basically, all the main materials and accounts in the cost control module are based on the scope of cost control. Generally, each company code needs to be assigned a cost control scope. A cost control scope can accommodate more than one company code at the same time.

● In SAP, the scope of cost control is represented by four digits of code. Companies with the same cost control scope can:
A. Different companies can share some primary cost control data (such as job types ).
B. Be able to issue reports on cross-company cost control or business management, and provide management and analysis tools for the management.

 

● Financial Management scope: it is an important and highest-level organizational structure in the SAP system for fund management, cash budget management, and cash management. Within a financial management scope, centralized cash management, cash budget management, and budget control are supported.

 

● Cause code: Based on best business practices, the cause code is used to represent a cash flow statement project, when using cash and bank account transfers, you must specify the cause code to represent the corresponding cash flow statement items for the cash inflow or outflow. In this way, the flow of each Cash and banking business can be tracked through the direct method to obtain the cash flow statement. In this way, the cash flow statement must be presented to the finance personnel to determine and assign a cause code for each cash or bank account transfer. In addition, the enterprise's cash and bank receipts and payments services must be separated by the cash flow statement items, and cannot be mixed to ensure that the Reason code for the cash flow can be distinguished on the project during accounting.

 

● Accounting code: the accounting code determines the Account type, debit/credit, and line project field status of the line project entered by the credential.

 

● Special General Ledger identifier: the handling of Customer business in the general ledger is reflected in the general ledger. However, the business of the same customer is sometimes required for account processing, different subjects should be reflected in the general ledger. For example, the customer's invoice processing is generally an asset-class receivables, but the prepayment is a debt-class subject. The system points to different general ledger accounts by providing different special general ledger indicators.

 

● Creden date and accounting date: The creden。 date is different from the accounting date. The accounting date determines the creden。 transfer period, which is the date that affects the total account amount. You can enter the accounting period as a special accounting period when you enter the accounting date on January 1, December 31 each year.

 

● Field status group: This group groups the status (optional, mandatory, or hidden) of fields required to generate accounting creden。 based on business needs. It is called a field status group. In the master record of the general account, the field status component must be assigned to each general account.

 

● Credential anti-accounting: cause: There is no negative input in the SAP system. Method: Set the required row item to "reverse accounting" in the "other data" column. Result: the amount of a row project is reflected by a negative number on the opposite borrower.

 

● Fund center: it is an organizational structure oriented to fund receipts and payments. It can be a responsibility scope, department, or project, and embodied in a hierarchical structure in the scope of financial management. The budget value will be allocated to the Fund Center.

 

● Profit center: maintain relevant departments or organizations in the system as independent profit centers based on the financial accounting and management needs of level-2 units, and establish corresponding levels using profit center groups.

● Cost center: based on the needs of cost and cost control and management, the cost center is established based on the organizational structure of enterprise administration and production, and corresponding layers are established using the cost center group.

 

● Primary cost elements: each primary cost element corresponds to a general ledger cost profit and loss subject, the transfer of the cost, profit and loss subjects will automatically generate the line items in the management accounting module through the primary cost elements and the allocated cost objects.

 

● Secondary cost elements:
C. Each sub-cost element is used only within the CO without affecting the fi transfer, mainly used for cost allocation and carry-over.
D. Secondary cost elements are irrelevant to cost Profit and Loss subjects.
E. There are multiple types of sub-cost elements. Currently, the main application is the sub-cost elements associated with the allocation and allocation of internal operations.

 

● Unified account: This is a kind of general account that connects the ledger to the general account in real time. The system also automatically updates the account data of the ledger.

 

● Unsettled item management: the row items in a subject are used to clear one or more row items in the same subject, which has a logical ing relationship. The remaining balance of the non-clearing items Management Section is always equal to the total amount of items in the non-clearing line.

 

● Asset ledger: Number of each type of assets. Asset numbers are generated when the asset master data is created. Accounting for the asset number is a subject for the unified account.

 

● Cost center accounting: the cost center is calculated and controlled based on the enterprise's organizational structure or cost collection method. Specific services include maintenance of the master data of the cost center, maintenance of cost allocation rules, allocation and allocation, price calculation and reconciliation operations. It is also necessary for other management accounting modules.

 

● Internal order: a flexible management tool provided by the management and accounting module. By establishing internal order master data, you can plan, collect, allocate, and monitor the costs and expenses of the cost objects that need to be separately monitored, the specific accounting objects are usually controllable costs or expense items.
 
● Depreciation scope: it is possible to calculate parallel depreciation of assets for different purposes (such as book depreciation, cost accounting, and depreciation based on other accounting standards, define all necessary depreciation periods and value for each asset based on the depreciation scope. Each company code requires at least one depreciation range to record book depreciation.

 

● Commitment item: the name of a summary commitment item is usually defined based on the type of the cash flow statement or the actual needs of Shaanxi Electric Power Company. A summary commitment item can be understood as a set of some general commitments. The summary commitment item cannot be recorded directly and does not correspond to the subject. However, you can allocate a budget for the summary commitment item to control the actual amount of detailed commitment items under the Summary commitment item.
 
● Budget structure: the budget structure is a budget control unit formed by the combination of the fund center and Commitment Project, indicating that the promised projects are controlled in a fund center.

 

● Planning level: the planning level is a technical term used to structure and decompose the Fund composition. Depending on the availability of funds and the nature of the Source Business.

 

● Planning Group/cash management group: the cash management group, also known as the Planning Group, is another technical term for structural decomposition of the fund composition. For unrealized capital flows, we can know the business structure of available funds in the future at the planning level. In order to obtain the available capital flows for structural analysis at the partner object level in the future, we can achieve this through the Cash Management Group.