First: Smart grids in the eyes of data Engineers (smart Grid)

Preface

Presumably the first person to come into contact with the concept of smart grid, especially the Internet practitioner, would have interpreted it as the "smart grid" as the name implies.

However, "intelligence" in the smart grid is a broad sense of intelligence, it refers to a better grid ... In fact, a significant proportion of power researchers simply define the smart grid as the "future grid". Well, that's a great definition, because the "future" is a huge and abstract concept, just like the future of cars, computers, and so on, it's not easy to paint them out (do you know what the future car is (￣.￣)? )。 Therefore, in order to fully understand this concept, a sentence explanation is certainly not enough, this is a bit of a reason for this article.

OK, the smart grid is a vision , not a specific discipline or technology, it defines what the future of the grid should look like, and then focus the whole society's resources to achieve it.

But ..... The future of the power grid long, people from all walks of life, the public said that the public is rational PO. This article mainly from the data engineer perspective of what is the smart grid, its ecological circle is what, it has what characteristics, it involves what technology, I hope other data engineers after reading this article can understand what is the smart grid, and find their own positioning.

Why is your lap so messy?

Let's start by explaining why this article emphasizes the smart grid in the eyes of data engineers, or why there is no unified view of the smart grid.

This is mainly due to the different professional perspectives of researchers from all walks of life, as well as some peculiarities of the area where the grid is located.

1. Differences in areas of specialization

The thinking angle of power practitioners is often from new energy grid, transmission line low loss, and power user interaction, power grid security, such as "Electricity" point of view, and information practitioners of the center is often around the communication technology and data analysis, mining, management technology. The former representative of the Ministry of Electricity, Energy, university Power Research Institute, etc., the latter representative of IBM,SAP, including the Intelligent Utility Network is IBM's proposed "Smart grid" of the overall solution, it is interesting, Perhaps later I will write a special article to specifically introduce the next.

2. Differences caused by different regions

This is a good reason to understand that, for example, Denmark is a strong wind country, so the country's researchers are certainly focused on wind power, such as Japan's coal and oil, such as less energy, so Japan's nuclear power plant is very much, and then see us in China, the western region of water and wind resources is very rich, so our country put forward the West In this plan, EHV transmission technology is necessarily a very important link.

In conclusion, this paper will comprehensively introduce the common vision of smart grid construction in various fields and regions, and focus on the aspects of data Engineering involved.

Smart Grid ecosystem (who care?)

The ecological circle is plainly, the stakeholder of the smart grid, which can be used to represent:

First of all, the country 's expectations are the most fundamental expectations of smart grid construction, in general there are three points: new energy grid, emissions reduction, infrastructure security. The use of new energy grid can reduce the use and dependence of national strategic resources such as petroleum, accord with the current trend of the new energy revolution in the world, reduce the global greenhouse effect, and accord with the low-carbon economic strategy of the country, and the guarantee of infrastructure security can reduce the economic loss caused by power outage accident.

For Power Users , the expectation is to buy higher-quality electricity at a lower price.

For Grid Enterprises , hope that the power grid is stronger, encounter natural disasters, malicious attacks, etc., can still ensure the smooth operation of the power grid or achieve short-term repair; more economical: Reduce the operating costs of the power grid, less loss: reduce power losses in transmission lines.

For the Power Generation Enterprises , the hope that the grid can have a stronger access capacity, can fully receive the power generation enterprises to send all the electricity.

the core value of smart grid

A: "What do you think the car of the future is like?" "

B: "Faster, safer, more economical, greener ..."

Above the B classmate, the answer is actually the future car's core value. Haha, it seems pretty similar to the core value of the smart grid:

Value is virtual, we want to measure the speed of the car can use the start speed, the average speed, we want to measure the smart grid these core values, naturally also need to have specific indicators to assess. The U.S. Energy Technology Laboratory has presented the following measures, which are worth reference:

Key features of the smart grid

A: "What kind of car does that look like?" "

B: "I guess ... can be flexible to extend the wing, do not need refueling ... "

This answer is the main feature of the future car. The characteristics of the smart grid can also be attributed to the following three major points:

1. New Energy

The development of smart grids must increase the proportion of renewable energy sources , including large-scale renewable energy centralized power generation, as well as small-scale distributed generation of renewable energy.

2. New Customers

On the one hand is the customer "new", the future of electricity customers through the demand side of the response to actively participate in the power grid operation, the information will flow in the smart grid two-way; on the other hand, a group of "new" customers. such as small-scale distributed power generation, micro-grid, electric vehicles.

3. New Grid

The new grid needs more efficient transmission lines, data substations, more optimized operation and scheduling mode.

the main technical areas of the smart grid: one-time measurement and two-side

The technology in the smart grid should be divided into three levels: one-sided, two-sided, and control and management technologies.

One-side technology is the first level of technology, which mainly includes the generation of electricity, transmission, distribution, use of energy conversion, transmission, and use of the process. This part of the technology includes wind/solar/tidal power generation technology, as well as UHV transmission technology, high-temperature superconducting transmission technology, as well as power electronics technology. This part of the technology is the traditional power industry researcher explored the direction, and this article for the reader as a data engineer, so do not do further explanation.

Two secondary technology is more involved in the acquisition of some information data. This is also a more interesting direction, many of the current smart grid research is concentrated in this area, mainly related to communication technology, unmanned aerial vehicles, robotics technology. I went to visit a few days ago in Guangzhou Pazhou held the Smart Grid exhibition, saw a lot of intelligent inspection robot and patrol drone:

Figure I, figure two are patrol robot and patrol UAV, figure three is a smart meter system, it can more accurate and real-time collection of user power data.

This side of the technology belongs to the communications professional, mechanical professionals to study, this article does not do further explanation.

key technical areas of smart grid: control and management technology

The positioning of this part of the technology, please data engineers to attract attention, is "on the basis of the data sharing platform, the power system of various types of controllable resources to coordinate, to provide intelligent decision-making, to assist the power management personnel, dispatching operators to manage the modern power system, in order to ensure that the power system multi-objective self-optimization of the purpose ".

The data sharing platform was completed by two-time researchers, who collected and aggregated large quantities of data into a data-sharing platform for analysis by researchers using a variety of technologies in the fields of sensors and communications.

So what can data engineers do to get the data to work? The author believes that the current main can be divided into three major aspects:

1. Adapting to the management scheduling mode of smart grid

With the rapid development of distributed power generation technology, virtual power station and micro-grid technology are rapidly emerging, they all need a central control center to regulate the individual members, on the other hand, in the future when users have power generation and energy storage equipment, Can be based on their own electricity and grid peak-valley distribution of peak-shifting to fill the valley. These work must be driven by specific business, with data engineering at the core.

★ 2. Intelligent Dispatch Center Technology

it can make real-time estimation for the whole network, and then provide the basis for related decision-making: such as equipment loss analysis, rational distribution of power resources, etc. on the other hand, the whole network power equipment can be monitored in condition to realize the multi-objective self-optimization of the large power grid (see section below). Personally, this is the most challenging and true core of the smart grid construction, but the progress is slow. As we all want to study a time machine, we also believe that the future will inevitably be developed, but it is not even beginning to say.

3. Intelligent Power Management Technology

Through the use of more advanced smart meters, advanced measurement system, to increase the user and the two-way flow between the grid, on the one hand to enable users to master, control household electricity situation, on the other hand, the power grid according to the user's home electricity situation.

4. Electric Vehicle Access

For this topic, we recommend an article (recently published):

South Network will invest over 3 billion for electric vehicle charging infrastructure construction

here is a excerpt of a meaningful section of the data engineer:" It is worth mentioning that the southern power grid company has also developed a future "big data" electric vehicle charging and switching operation management System, fully integrated the South five provinces and regions of the electric vehicle charge facilities information, the establishment of network, provincial, municipal, station four-class electric vehicle operation management System, For the company may enter the electric vehicle charging service market in the future to do a technical reserve. "

the ultimate intelligent form of smart grid

Let's imagine, what is the highest level of intelligence in the narrow sense of smart grids?

Bottom line: multi-index self-optimization .

In other words, the ultimate smart grid is able to extract a large number of evaluation indicators of the power grid, these indicators can fully evaluate the realization of the value of the smart grid, and then through the "self-healing" to adjust the power grid in the best state, which means that the smart grid evolved into a smart wide-area robot (smart Wide area Robot, Smart-war).

I think it sounds a little like The Terminator series, the Skynet system σ (° °| | |) ︴。

Summary

The smart grid is a more "big" concept than big data, and there are too many things to be involved.

Before you start the Smart Grid study, learn more about its aspects. Choice is always more important than effort, and more to learn more to collect information to think more, is to enhance their choice of the fundamental way to ability.

First: Smart grids in the eyes of data Engineers (smart Grid)