Ansible installation of Ansible learning record

1. centos6.x x64 Server-side installation

# RPM-IVH http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum-y Install Ansible

Configuration file View:

[Email protected] ansible]# egrep-v "(#|^$)"/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
[Defaults]
Hostfile =/etc/ansible/hosts
Library =/usr/share/ansible
Remote_tmp = $HOME/.ansible/tmp
Pattern = *
forks = 5 #默认并发5个.
Poll_interval = 15
Sudo_user = root
Transport = Smart
Remote_port = 22
Module_lang = C
Gathering = Implicit
Sudo_exe = sudo
Timeout = 10
ansible_managed = Ansible managed: {file} modified on%y-%m-%d%h:%m:%s by {UID} on {host}
Action_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/action_plugins
Callback_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/callback_plugins
Connection_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/connection_plugins
Lookup_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/lookup_plugins
Vars_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/vars_plugins
Filter_plugins =/usr/share/ansible_plugins/filter_plugins
[Paramiko_connection]
[Ssh_connection]
[Accelerate]
Accelerate_port = 5099
Accelerate_timeout = 30
Accelerate_connect_timeout = 5.0
Accelerate_daemon_timeout = 30

2. Configuring the Host Inventory

Ansible by reading the default host manifest file/etc/ansible/hosts, the file is specified in the/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg file, can be customized host, support IP, domain name, support grouping, convenient for a

Hosts or a group of identical hosts, and a default all group that represents all the hosts in the inventory.

# vi/etc/ansible/hosts

[Test]
192.168.10.191
192.168.10.192

Example: You can specify a port with a user and password:
192.168.10.191 ansible_ssh_port=2222 Ansible_ssh_user=root ansible_ssh_pass=passwd
192.168.10.191:2222

3. Free Key mode configuration

The Ansible terminal can contact each managed node based on the key authentication method. The master server generates Ssh-key and distributes it to all clients.

# ssh-keygen-t RSA
# ssh-copy-id-i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]

Prompt for client password in this procedure

4. Rhel/centos/oel5. X Client Installation

Rhel/centos/oel5. X x64 defaults to python2.4,ansible to python2.4 need to install Python-simplejson installation package.

Description: python2.4/2.5 version too low will appear "MSG": "Error:ansible requires a JSON module, none found!", error.
Either upgrade python, or install Python-simplejson

[Email protected] server]# RPM-VIH python-simplejson-2.0.9-8.el5.x86_64.rpm
Warning:python-simplejson-2.0.9-8.el5.x86_64.rpm:header V3 DSA Signature:nokey, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing ... ########################################### [100%]
1:python-simplejson ########################################### [100%]

5. ansible command Module and parameter query

(1) ansible command syntax

Grammar ansible Ansible <pattern_goes_here> M <module_name>-a <arguments>

Options:
-I device list path, you can make some dynamic path
- F Parallel Task Count
-private-key private Key Path
-M module name is not specified by default module is to use the command module
-m module clip in Path
-A parameter
-K Login Password
-k sudo password
-T output result save path
-B Background run time-out
-P Investigate Background program time
-U Execution User
-U sudo user
-L Limit Device range
-S is this user sudo does not need to enter a password

(2) View Ansible's modules and parameters

# Ansible-doc

-l list all ansible modules
-s lists the relevant instructions for the module

[Email protected] ~]# ansible-doc-l

Boundary_meter Manage Boundary meters
BZR Deploy software (or files) from BZR branches
Campfire Send a message to campfire
Capabilities Manage Linux Capabilities
Cloudformation Create a AWS cloudformation stack
Command executes a command on a remote node
Composer Dependency Manager for PHP
Copy Copies files to remote locations.
CPANM manages Perl library dependencies.
Cron Manage CRON.D and crontab entries.
Datadog_event Posts events to Datadog service

[[email protected] ~]# ansible-doc-s command
-Name:e x E c U T e s a c o m m a n d o n a r E m o t e n o d E
Action:command
ChDir # CD into this directory before running the command
Creates # a filename, when it already exists, the this step would *not* be run.
Executable # Change the shell used to execute the command. Should is an absolute path to the executable.
free_form= # The Command module takes a free form command to run. There is no parameter actually named ' Free form '. See the

examples!
Removes # a filename, when it does isn't exist, this step would *not* be run.
Warn # If command warnings is on ansible.cfg, does not warn about this particular line if set to NO/FA Lse.

6. Verify by password, add-k parameter

#提供了三种方式: A password is added to the Hosts file, one is a key-free method, one is to use the-K method to manually enter the password, often used for temporary testing.

[Email protected] ansible]# ansible all-m ping-k

SSH Password:
192.168.10.192 | Success >> {
"Changed": false,
"Ping": "Pong"
}

192.168.10.191 | Success >> {
"Changed": false,
"Ping": "Pong"
}

7. Common examples:

[[email protected] ansible]# ansible test-a ' df-h ' #这个省略了-M command Module name,-a connection parameter, can refer to line Linux command

#执行操作系统命令可以采用command, Shell,raw, and so on, where the shell can use pipelines and command parameters, script usually executes scripts and so on, can see the relevant parameter.

192.168.0.125 | success | rc=0 >>  
filesystem                     size  used Avail use% mounted on    
/dev/mapper/vg_test2-lv_root   36g  3.6g   30g  11%/   
tmpfs & nbsp;                       1004m   72K 1004m   1%/dev/shm    
/dev/sda1                      485m   39m  421m   9%/boot

192.168.0.124 | Success | Rc=0 >>
Filesystem Size used Avail use% mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg_test1-lv_root 36G 3.6G 30G 11%/
Tmpfs 1004M 72K 1004M 1%/DEV/SHM
/DEV/SDA1 485M 39M 421M 9%/boot

The execution of a single remote command, which can be operated by the relevant modules, can also be executed directly, and the command will lay the groundwork for the subsequent play-book (which can be easily understood as batch processing).

Ansible test-m yum-a "Name=dstat state=latest" #执行yum install Dstat
Ansible test-m raw-a "Rpm-qa|grep dstat" #执行rpm-qa |grep Dstat
Ansible test-m shell-a "service mysqld restart" #通过命令方式执行service mysqld restart

Single Command mode:

Ansible test-m service-a "Name=mysqld state=stopped" #通过服务模块执行service mysqld stop

Play-book Way:

-Name:stop mysqld Service #随便取名称
Service:enabled=off name=rpcbind state=stopped #模块与参数, a single command line can easily be turned into play-book mode.

This article is from the "Koumm Linux Technology blog" blog, be sure to keep this source http://koumm.blog.51cto.com/703525/1789401

Ansible installation of Ansible learning record