ASIC,DSP,MCU,ARM,FPGA and other online cattle people's understanding

MPU is the central processing unit (CPU) in a microcomputer called a microprocessor (MPU)

MCU also known as monolithic microcomputer (single chip microcomputer) or MCU, refers to the advent of large-scale integrated circuits and development, the computer's CPU, RAM, ROM, timing counters and a variety of I/O interface integrated on a chip, the formation of chip-level computer , different combination control for different application situations.

DSP is a unique CPU, is a digital signal to deal with a large number of information devices. In fact, the speed can be up to a few times per second to thousands complex instruction program, far more than the general purpose microprocessor (MPU), its powerful data processing capacity and high operating speed, is the most commendable of the two major features.

The SOC is a chip that integrates a large scale (millions of to tens of millions of gate circuits). Can be understood as an evolutionary version of the MCU.

ASIC was originally developed specifically for a particular function of the integrated chip, there is no clear definition. Can be understood as in addition to single-chip microcomputer, DSP, FPGA and the like to call out the class of IC, the rest is ASIC. The original microcontroller is not an ASIC. For example, many manufacturers provide the design of the ASIC Gate array, but the above lead layer design can be defined according to customer design to achieve custom logic, this kind of ASIC refers to the main generation.

FPGA is a programmable array, the use of a lookup table structure, which is the biggest difference with the CPLD, can use FPGA to achieve a variety of AISC, DSP and microcontroller. This device uses a logic gate to express performance. itself he is a bunch of logic door, through the hardware description language, such as VERILOGHDL to turn it into a circuit connection, from the most basic logic gate level connected to the circuit. There are also differences between soft and hard cores, but in addition to performance, the use of the method is similar. The so-called IP core, is to use a variety of special-purpose integrated circuits with hardware description Language description, and then users use the time to burn into the FPGA to form a special circuit.

DSP is actually supposed to be called DSPs, which is a special chip for DSP processing, which is used to complete DSP (digital signal processing), such as the most basic multiplication and floating-point computation. The main feature is that it is possible to complete the multiplication in one clock cycle, so it is suitable for signal processing. Common butterfly Algorithm and FFT, split into the most basic unit is multiplication accumulation, this part of the acceleration, the overall performance has been greatly improved. DSP's ability to handle streaming media is far superior to that of general-purpose CPUs. So you see now the phone CPU, at least the voice part is using DSP. Can look at the film of high-pass or TI, basically an arm core control of the overall operation, a DSP processing speech codec, a GPU responsible for image operations, a baseband and antenna processing module responsible for communication, plus some 7788 of things such as GPS module and so on.

Single-chip microcomputer is a universal CPU, providing a variety of interfaces to control the overall, quite a total scheduling, of course, a simple function of a CPU independent work is completed. The original 51 series is a bunch of IO port, and then slowly put the commonly used pwm,ad functions such as adding a single-chip microcomputer. Mainly including the use of countless years still a big 51 of the university must teach the series, and Avr,pic,arm,hotek ... In fact, after ARM9, it is unclear what kind of arm, the current architecture, closer to the DSP.

ASIC,DSP,MCU,ARM,FPGA and other online cattle people's understanding