Programming language History __ Programming

Recently I want to organize the history of computer language, read a lot of information about this, and draw a mind map, hoping to deepen the thinking and understanding of this aspect.
The first-generation programming language (Generation programming language) is a machine-level programming language that is written in 1s and 0s. It does not need to be compiled and converted and can be used directly by the CPU. Using 1GL This code can be run quickly and efficiently because it is run directly by the CPU. However, machine language is a little harder to learn than a higher-level language, and it is harder to edit if errors occur. and code portability is significantly reduced on 1GL-based code. The first generation of programming languages is now mostly used on very old computers. Machine-level languages are still used in a few areas of modern language, with the help of native code compilers that create machine languages, often from a more advanced language.

The second-generation programming language is a symbolic language that replaces binary codes in machine languages with easy-to-understand English or digital characters, also known as mnemonic languages. The second generation programming language (2GL) refers to the combinatorial language (Assembly Language), which is the closest programming language to machine language (1GL). [1] It is a symbolic language, in order to easily understand the English or digital characters to replace the machine language binary code, also known as mnemonic language (mnemonic Language). [1] The combined language cannot be directly supplied to the machine, and it must still be translated into a machine language consisting of "0" and "1" through the Combination Program (assembler) to be executed by the machine. [1] Combinatorial language is similar to machine language, is not portable, so as machine language is called low-order language.

The third-generation programming language (3GL) is a high-level program language designed to be more easily understood by people, including things like named variables. Fortran, ALGOL and COBOL are early examples of this language. Most of the "modern" languages (BASIC, C, C + +) are third-generation languages. The majority of GLs supports structured language design.

The emergence of the

Four-generation language (Fourth-generation Language, hereinafter referred to as 4GL) is for commercial use. The word 4GL first appeared in the early 80 's in the software manufacturer's advertisement and product introduction. Therefore, these manufacturers of 4GL products in terms of form or from the functional perspective, the difference is very large. However, it is quickly found that this kind of language can improve software productivity and shorten the software development cycle because of its "problem-oriented" and "non-process degree", so it has won many users. In 1985, the United States held a nationwide 4GL symposium, and it was around this, many well-known computer scientists have conducted a comprehensive study of 4GL, so that 4GL into the field of computer science.   The
is intended to be a non-procedural programming language, which is aimed at the third generation language centered on the processing process, and it is hoped that the automatic generation of some standard processing processes will enable the user to explain only what is to be done, and the arrangement of the specific execution steps is automatically processed by the software.